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Anatomy Exam 3 > 10/16: Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum > Flashcards

10/16: Esophagus, Stomach, and Duodenum Flashcards

1
Q

Cardia

A

Region in the esophagus that expands out into the stomach (close to the heart)

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2
Q

Fundus

A

Dome shaped top of the body, no functional significance

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3
Q

What part of the stomach can be easily visualized on a radiograph?

A

Fundus because trapped air bubble

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4
Q

Which part of the stomach has the largest diameter?

A

Body

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5
Q

Antrum

A

Lower part of the stomach

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6
Q

Angular incisure

A

Where the stomach starts to become horizontal

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7
Q

Pylorus

A

Transition form the stomach to the duodenum via pyloric sphincter
Valve that controls flow of stomach contents into the duodenum, midling

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8
Q

Greater curvature

A

From esophagus down to left margin

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9
Q

Lesser curvature

A

shorter down right side of the body

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10
Q

Where do both curvatures meet?

A

At pylorus where stomach mesenteries are attached to help bring blood and nerve supply to stomach

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11
Q

The stomach is entirely ________________

A

Intraperitoneal (mesenteric)

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12
Q

What is the stomach suspended by

A

Mesenteries, but is otherwise freely mobile

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13
Q

What is the stomach covered with

A

Visceral peritoneum

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14
Q

Duodenum

A

10-12 inches long, c-shaped curve, containing 4 segments

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15
Q

How many segments does the duodenum have

A

4

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16
Q

How many segments of the duodenum have a mesentary

A

First has a mesentary and the others are secondarily retroperitoneal

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17
Q

What is attached at the 2nd segment of the duodenum?

A

Pancreas head is attached here

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18
Q

Omental foramen

A

passage way behind lesser omentum behind 2nd segment

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19
Q

Where is the location of the Foregut to midgut transition

A

Between second and 3rd segments

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20
Q

Omentum

A

important in supplying nerve and blood supply to mesenteric organs

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21
Q

Lesser omentum

A

Double layered fold that will suspend the lesser curvature of the stomach to the liver

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22
Q

What is the location of the lesser omentum

A

From esophagus, across stomach, to first segment of the duodenum

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23
Q

What does the lesser omentum contain

A

Gastric arteries

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24
Q

Greater omentum

A

Large double layered fold that is attached to greater curvature

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25
Q

What is the function of the greater omentum

A

Reserve body fat and can stick to repair bleeding or inflamed abdominal organs as well as carry important vessels

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26
Q

Why is the greater omentum thick and yellow

A

Because of fat, varies depending on bodies composition

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27
Q

What does the greater omentum contain

A

Gastrophrenic mesenteric segment
Gastrosplenic ligament
Gastrocolic ligament

28
Q

What kind of arteries does the gastrophrenic mesenteric segment have

A

No arteries

29
Q

What kind of arteries does the gastrosplenic ligament have

A

Short gastric arteries

30
Q

What kind of arteries does the gastrocolic ligament have

A

Gastromental artery

31
Q

Where does the foregut blood supply come from

A

The celiac artery and its branches

32
Q

What does the celiac trunk originate from

A

Median arcuate ligament

33
Q

What are the 3 branches of the celiac trunk

A

left gastric, splencic, and common hepatic

34
Q

Left gastric artery

A

Runs retroperitoneally and gives off branch to supply distal esophagus
Rest of it runs along left side of the lesser curvature of stomach to body and upper antrum

35
Q

Splenic artery

A

Major blood supply to spleen (and most pancreas), runs posteriorly to stomach

36
Q

What does the splenic artery branch off to

A

Short gastric artery and L gastromental artery

37
Q

What does the short gastric artery supply

A

Fundus and upper body of stomach

38
Q

What does the L gastromental artery supply

A

Greater curvature of stomach

39
Q

What does the common hepatic artery branch into

A

hepatic artery proper (upwards) and gastroduodenal (downwards)

40
Q

What does the hepatic artery proper supply

A

Liver

41
Q

What does the hepatic artery proper split into

A

Left and right hepatic arteries that supply liver tissue

42
Q

Cystic artery

A

Supplies gallbladder. Comes off right hepatic

43
Q

Right gastric artery

A

first branch that supplies upper margin of antrum and right side of lesser curvature

44
Q

What does the Gastroduodenal artery supply

A

supplies stomach, duodenum, and pancreas

45
Q

What does the gastroduodenal artery split into

A

Branches that run in front or behind the duodenum

46
Q

What artery is in front of the gut tube

A

Superduodenal artery

47
Q

What does the superduodenal artery supply

A

Upper margin of 1st segment of duodenum

48
Q

What arteries are behind the gut tube

A

Right gastromental artery
Anterior and posterior superior pancreaticodudoenal arteries

49
Q

What does the right gastromental artery anastomose with

A

Left gastromental

50
Q

What does the right gastromental artery supply

A

Bottom of greater curvature

51
Q

What do the anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries supply

A

Lesser curvature of duodenum and pancreas

52
Q

What is the peritoneal cavity divided into

A

Lesser Sac
Greater Sac

53
Q

Lesser sac

A

trapped in posterior part of upper abdomen. Between stomach and pancreas

54
Q

Greater sac

A

From diaphragm to pelvis in the front

55
Q

Omental foramen

A

Communication between lesser and greater sacs

56
Q

What are the lesser sac boundaries

A

Ceiling
Floor
Front wall, back wall, right wall, left wall

57
Q

Ceiling

A

created by liver

58
Q

Floor

A

created by transverse mesocolon

59
Q

Front wall

A

Created by lesser omentum and stomach itself

60
Q

Back wall

A

created by panacreas

61
Q

Right wall

A

Created by venous structures. Omental foramen massage way through the right wall

62
Q

Left wall

A

Made up of spleen mesenteries lienorenal and gastrosplenic ligaments

63
Q

Leinorenal ligament

A

bridges spleen to liver area posterior abdominal wall

  • tail of pancreas points out and is in the lienorenal ligament
  • how splenic vessels reach the spleen since it is mesenteric
64
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament

A

Bridges between greater curvature and hilum of spleen

65
Q

Hepatoduodenal ligament

A

Bridge for porta hepatis structures to use to get from the liver and get behind the duodenum reptroperitoneally to be able to enter into the second segment

Anatomy Exam 3 (12 decks)

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