10/11: Gut Development Flashcards
What 3 segments is the gut tube divided into?
Foregut, midgut, and hindgut
Neural tube
becomes CNS
Notochord
fibrous strand that runs from head to tail that will largerly be wiped out in development of vertebral column
What does the notochord give rise to
Nucleus pulpous
Septum transversum
mesoderm tissue that becomes diaphragm
Allantoid
Duct for embryonic gas exchange (for shelled organisms)
Gut tube
gives rise to GI system. Simple, straight tube, divided into 3 segments (Foregut, midgut, and hindgut)
Where is all the digestive system derived from?
Gut tube
Aorta
Gives off 3 branches to give blood supply to the 3 segments of the gut
What organs come from the foregut?
Esophagus
Stomach
1/2 of Duodenum
What are accessory organs of the foregut?
Spleen
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Liver
What organs come from the midgut?
1/2 Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
2/3 transverse colon
What organs come from the hindgut?
1/3 Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Foregut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ______________
Celiac artery
Midgut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ______________
Superior mesenteric artery
Hingut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ______________
Inferior mesenteric artery
Autonomic Sympathetic Preganglionic cell bodies from the foregut innervate with:
T5-T9
Autonomic Sympathetic Preganglionic cell bodies from the midgut innervate with:
T9-12
Autonomic Sympathetic Preganglionic cell bodies from the hindgut innervate with:
T12-L2
Autonomic Sympathetic Splanchnic nerves from the foregut innervate with:
greater splanchnic nerve
Autonomic Sympathetic Splanchnic nerves from the midgut innervate with:
Lesser/least splanchnic neres
Autonomic Sympathetic Splanchnic nerves from the hindgut innervate with:
least splanchnic/lumbar splanchnic nerve
Autonomic Sympathetic Prevertebral ganglion from the foregut innervate with:
Celiac
Autonomic Sympathetic Prevertebral ganglion from the midgut innervate with:
Superior mesenteric/intermessenteric
Autonomic Sympathetic Prevertebral ganglion from the hindgut innervate with:
Inferior mesenteric/intermesenteric
Autonomic Sympathetic Postganglionic from the foregut follow:
Celiac artery
Autonomic Sympathetic Postganglionic from the midgut follow:
superior mesenteric artery
Autonomic Sympathetic Postganglionic from the hindgut follow:
inferior mesenteric artery
Autonomic parasympathetic preganglionic from the foregut and midgut innervate with:
brainstem
Autonomic parasympathetic preganglionic from the hindgut innervate with:
S2-S4
Autonomic parasympathetic nerves from the foregut and midgut innervate with:
Vagus nerve (CNX)
Autonomic parasympathetic nerves from the hindgut innervate with:
pelvic splanchnic nerves
Autonomic parasympathetic ganglia from the foregut and midgut are located?
Organ walls
Autonomic parasympathetic ganglia from the hindgut are located?
Organ walls
What is the function of mesenteries?
connect parietal peritoneum with visceral peritoneum, stabilize attached organs, prevent entanglement
parietal peritneum
Lining of the peritoneal cavity. Serous layer provides frictionless movement of abdominal organs
What is the deepest part of the body wall
Parietal peritoneum
All of the gut is ______________
mesenteric
All organs are covered with ______________
visceral peritoneum
A mesentery is neither ___________ nor ___________
Visceral; parietal, it is a bridge between the two
Organs with mesenteries also have?
Visceral peritoneum
Organs that are retroperitoneal do not have?
mesenteries
Peritoneal cavity
Fluid filled space between parietal and visceral peritoneum “helium of a balloon””
What occurs to the space of the peritoneal cavity
Space decreases in size during development as the gut tube gives rise to organs and growth of these organs
What occurs when the gut tube stretches
moves down creating 2 layered dorsal mesentery (bridges between parietal and visceral and serves as a passage way for blood and nerve supply)
Vessels and nerves supplying mesenteric organs are also:
Mesenteric
When gut moves into middle of cavity it is called
mesenteric (or interperitoneal) organ
Retroperitoneal organs
(behind the peritoneal cavity)
Organs that loose or never have had a emsentery, peritoneum is considered parietal
Vessels and nerves supplying retroperitoneal organs are also:
retroperitoneal
Part of the digestive system that are retroperitoneal are ________________
Secondarily
Primary retroperitoneal organs belong to?
Belong to other organ systems (i.e., kidney, aorta, urinary system) so they never had mesenteries and have been retroperitoneal since the beginning
Secondary retroperitoneal organs
During development, organs that will return and stick to posterior wall and are embedded behind parietal peritoneum and lose their mesentary
