10/11: Gut Development Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 segments is the gut tube divided into?

A

Foregut, midgut, and hindgut

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2
Q

Neural tube

A

becomes CNS

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3
Q

Notochord

A

fibrous strand that runs from head to tail that will largerly be wiped out in development of vertebral column

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4
Q

What does the notochord give rise to

A

Nucleus pulpous

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5
Q

Septum transversum

A

mesoderm tissue that becomes diaphragm

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6
Q

Allantoid

A

Duct for embryonic gas exchange (for shelled organisms)

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7
Q

Gut tube

A

gives rise to GI system. Simple, straight tube, divided into 3 segments (Foregut, midgut, and hindgut)

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8
Q

Where is all the digestive system derived from?

A

Gut tube

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9
Q

Aorta

A

Gives off 3 branches to give blood supply to the 3 segments of the gut

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10
Q

What organs come from the foregut?

A

Esophagus
Stomach
1/2 of Duodenum

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11
Q

What are accessory organs of the foregut?

A

Spleen
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Liver

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12
Q

What organs come from the midgut?

A

1/2 Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Cecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
2/3 transverse colon

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13
Q

What organs come from the hindgut?

A

1/3 Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
Rectum

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14
Q

Foregut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ______________

A

Celiac artery

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15
Q

Midgut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ______________

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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16
Q

Hingut derivatives are supplied by branches of the ______________

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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17
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Preganglionic cell bodies from the foregut innervate with:

A

T5-T9

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18
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Preganglionic cell bodies from the midgut innervate with:

A

T9-12

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19
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Preganglionic cell bodies from the hindgut innervate with:

A

T12-L2

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20
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Splanchnic nerves from the foregut innervate with:

A

greater splanchnic nerve

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21
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Splanchnic nerves from the midgut innervate with:

A

Lesser/least splanchnic neres

22
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Splanchnic nerves from the hindgut innervate with:

A

least splanchnic/lumbar splanchnic nerve

23
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Prevertebral ganglion from the foregut innervate with:

A

Celiac

24
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Prevertebral ganglion from the midgut innervate with:

A

Superior mesenteric/intermessenteric

25
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Prevertebral ganglion from the hindgut innervate with:

A

Inferior mesenteric/intermesenteric

26
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Postganglionic from the foregut follow:

A

Celiac artery

27
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Postganglionic from the midgut follow:

A

superior mesenteric artery

28
Q

Autonomic Sympathetic Postganglionic from the hindgut follow:

A

inferior mesenteric artery

29
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic preganglionic from the foregut and midgut innervate with:

A

brainstem

30
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic preganglionic from the hindgut innervate with:

A

S2-S4

31
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic nerves from the foregut and midgut innervate with:

A

Vagus nerve (CNX)

32
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic nerves from the hindgut innervate with:

A

pelvic splanchnic nerves

33
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic ganglia from the foregut and midgut are located?

A

Organ walls

34
Q

Autonomic parasympathetic ganglia from the hindgut are located?

A

Organ walls

35
Q

What is the function of mesenteries?

A

connect parietal peritoneum with visceral peritoneum, stabilize attached organs, prevent entanglement

36
Q

parietal peritneum

A

Lining of the peritoneal cavity. Serous layer provides frictionless movement of abdominal organs

37
Q

What is the deepest part of the body wall

A

Parietal peritoneum

38
Q

All of the gut is ______________

A

mesenteric

39
Q

All organs are covered with ______________

A

visceral peritoneum

40
Q

A mesentery is neither ___________ nor ___________

A

Visceral; parietal, it is a bridge between the two

41
Q

Organs with mesenteries also have?

A

Visceral peritoneum

42
Q

Organs that are retroperitoneal do not have?

A

mesenteries

43
Q

Peritoneal cavity

A

Fluid filled space between parietal and visceral peritoneum “helium of a balloon””

44
Q

What occurs to the space of the peritoneal cavity

A

Space decreases in size during development as the gut tube gives rise to organs and growth of these organs

45
Q

What occurs when the gut tube stretches

A

moves down creating 2 layered dorsal mesentery (bridges between parietal and visceral and serves as a passage way for blood and nerve supply)

46
Q

Vessels and nerves supplying mesenteric organs are also:

A

Mesenteric

47
Q

When gut moves into middle of cavity it is called

A

mesenteric (or interperitoneal) organ

48
Q

Retroperitoneal organs

A

(behind the peritoneal cavity)
Organs that loose or never have had a emsentery, peritoneum is considered parietal

49
Q

Vessels and nerves supplying retroperitoneal organs are also:

A

retroperitoneal

50
Q

Part of the digestive system that are retroperitoneal are ________________

A

Secondarily

51
Q

Primary retroperitoneal organs belong to?

A

Belong to other organ systems (i.e., kidney, aorta, urinary system) so they never had mesenteries and have been retroperitoneal since the beginning

52
Q

Secondary retroperitoneal organs

A

During development, organs that will return and stick to posterior wall and are embedded behind parietal peritoneum and lose their mesentary