1. Water Carbs & Proteins Flashcards
As a frozen lake warms after a cold winter, mineral nutrients are brought to the surface.
Which properties of water contribute to this process? 2
It’s greatest density is at 4°C
It is a Solvent
When a lake begins to freeze, which properties of water are needed for fish to survive? (2)
Water has a high thermal capacity.
Water has its maximum density at 4 °C
Reagent and positive result in testing for starch
Iodine solution
Blue/black colour
Reagent and positive result in testing for reducing sugars
Benedict’s reagent
green/yellow/orange/red colour
Reagent and positive result in testing for non-reducing sugars
Boil with Benedict’s reagent after acid hydrolysis
darker colour
What type of sugar is glucose?
reducing sugar
What type of sugar is sucrose?
non-reducing sugar
What is alpha glucose found in? 3
glycogen
amylopectin
amylose
What is Beta glucose found in?
cellulose
Draw a diagram of β glucose
5 A
Which features adapt cellulose molecule for its function? (2)
- Many hydrogen bonds form between adjacent chains
- insoluble in water
What is a glycosidic bond
Bond that forms between sugar molecules to form carbs
draw a diagram of alpha glucose
Y question 4
Which molecular bonds will be broken by hydrolysis when a molecule of glycogen is converted to glucose? 2
1,4 and 1,6
What is a polymer?
Giant molecule made from monomers
What is a macromolecule and examples 4
large biological molecule
eg.
-protein
-polysaccharides
-nucleic acid
What is a disaccharide with examples 3
Two monosaccharides joined together
-sucrose
-maltose
Features of cellulose 7
-main component of cell walls
-very strong bc of how it’s banded
-made from beta glucose
-beta glucose causes alternating structure that makes it strong
-Oxygen in OH groups attracted to Oxy in glucose ring and OH groups of neighboring molecules
-allows formation of hydrogen bonds
-hydrogen bonding forms microfibrils
Which groups form peptide bonds on amino acid?
Carboxylic (COOH) and amine (NH2) groups
why is haemoglobin able to carry oxygen?
It contains iron
features of haemoglobin 4
-4 polypeptide chains, each containing 1 prosthetic group
-iron ions can associate with oxygen & form oxyhaemoglobin
-in each chain, hydrophobic R groups of amino acids point towards the centre of the molecule
-at 50 % saturation, two oxygen molecules are transported by the molecule
Polypeptide bond is formed between which 2 elements
carbon and nitrogen
Which features affect the tensile strength of collagen? 5
-the helical structure of collagen chains
- small R group of amino acids in collagen
-the covalent bonds between collagen molecules
-lots of glycine
-peptides close to eachother
Composition of haemoglobin with oxygen
4 haem groups
4 oxygen molecules
8 oxygen atoms
