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[General Biology I] > 1: The Study of Life > Flashcards

1: The Study of Life Flashcards

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1
Q

opening section of a scientific paper that summarizes the research and conclusions

A

abstract

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2
Q

form of science that aims to solve real-world problems - AKA technology

A

applied science

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3
Q

smallest and most fundamental unit of matter

A

atom

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4
Q

science that seeks to expand knowledge and understanding regardless of the short-term application of that knowledge

A

basic science

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5
Q

study of the chemistry of biological organisms

A

biochemistry

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6
Q

the study of life

A

biology

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7
Q

collection of all the ecosystems on Earth

A

biosphere

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8
Q

study of plants

A

botany

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9
Q

smallest fundamental unit of structure and function in living things

A

cell

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10
Q

set of populations inhabiting a particular area

A

community

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11
Q

section of a scientific paper that summarizes the importance of the experimental findings

A

conclusion

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12
Q

part of an experiment that does not change during the experiment

A

control

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13
Q

form of logical thinking that uses a general inclusive statement to forecast specific results - from the general to the particular

A

deductive reasoning

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14
Q

AKA discovery science - form of science that aims to observe, explore, and investigate - usually inductive

A

descriptive science

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15
Q

section of a scientific paper in which the author interprets experimental results, describes how variables may be related, and attempts to explain the phenomenon in question

A

discussion

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16
Q

all the living things in a particular area together with the abiotic, nonliving parts of that environment

A

ecosystem

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17
Q

organism with cells that have nuclei and membrane-bound organelles

A

eukaryote

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18
Q

the process of gradual change in a population or species over time

A

evolution

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19
Q

able to be disproven by experimental results

A

falsifiable

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20
Q

ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions

A

homeostasis

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21
Q

suggested explanation for an observation, which one can test

A

hypothesis

22
Q

form of science that begins with a specific question and potential testable answers - usually deductive

A

hypothesis-based science

23
Q

form of logical thinking that uses related observations to arrive at a general conclusion - from the particular to the general

A

inductive reasoning

24
Q

opening section of a scientific paper, which provides background information about what was known in the field prior to the research reported in the paper

A

introduction

25
Q

field of science, such as biology, that studies living things - division of natural sciences

A

life science

26
Q

large molecule, typically formed by the joining of smaller molecules

A

macromolecule

27
Q

section of a scientific paper that includes a complete description of the substances, methods, and techniques that the researchers used to gather data

A

materials and methods

28
Q

study of the structure and function of microorganisms

A

microbiology

29
Q

study of biological processes and their regulation at the molecular level, including interactions among molecules such as DNA, RNA, and proteins

A

molecular biology

30
Q

chemical structure consisting of at least two atoms held together by one or more chemical bonds

A

molecule

31
Q

field of science that is related to the physical world and its phenomena and processes

A

natural science

32
Q

study of the biology of the nervous system

A

neurobiology

33
Q

collection of related tissues grouped together performing a common function

A

organ

34
Q

level of organization that consists of functionally related interacting organs

A

organ system

35
Q

small structures that exist within cells and carry out cellular functions

A

organelle

36
Q

individual living entity

A

organism

37
Q

study of life’s history by means of fossils

A

paleontology

38
Q

scientific paper that a scientist’s colleagues review who are experts in the field of study

A

peer-reviewed manuscript

39
Q

diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species based on similarities and differences in genetic or physical traits or both; in essence, a hypothesis concerning evolutionary connections

A

phylogenetic tree

40
Q

field of science, such as geology, astronomy, physics, and chemistry, that studies nonliving matter - division of natural sciences

A

physical science

41
Q

using other people’s work or ideas without proper citation, creating the false impression that those are the author’s original ideas

A

plagiarism

42
Q

all of the individuals of a species living within a specific area

A

population

43
Q

single-celled organism that lacks organelles and does not have nuclei surrounded by a nuclear membrane

A

prokaryote

44
Q

section of a scientific paper in which the author narrates the experimental findings and presents relevant figures, pictures, diagrams, graphs, and tables, without any further interpretation

A

results

45
Q

paper that summarizes and comments on findings that were published as primary literature

A

review article

46
Q

knowledge that covers general truths or the operation of general laws, especially when acquired and tested by the scientific method

A

science

47
Q

method of research with defined steps that include observation, formulation of a hypothesis, testing, and confirming or falsifying the hypothesis

A

scientific method

48
Q

discoveries made through a fortunate accident or a lucky surprise

A

serendipity

49
Q

tested and confirmed explanation for observations or phenomena

A

theory

50
Q

group of similar cells carrying out related functions

A

tissue

51
Q

part of an experiment that the experimenter can vary or change

A

variable

52
Q

study of animals

A

zoology

[General Biology I] (15 decks)

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