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Psychology > 1. Important Names > Flashcards

1. Important Names Flashcards

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1
Q

William James

A

Imported psychology to NA
Functionalism: study of the purposes mental processes serve
Ultimate function of all psychological processes must be to help people survive and reproduce

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2
Q

Plato

A

Believed in nativism, certain kinds of knowledge are inborn

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3
Q

Aristotle

A

Believed in empiricism, all knowledge acquired through empiricism

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4
Q

Descartes

A

Body and mind are different things

Dualism

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5
Q

Hobbes

A

Mind is what the brain does

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6
Q

Broca

A

Broca’s area

Damage to a specific part of the brain impaired a specific psychological function

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7
Q

Von Helmholtz

A

Measured reaction times

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8
Q

Wundt

A

Consciousness is person’s subjective experience of world
Structuralism: analysis of basic elements of mind
Introspection: report on contents of subjective experience

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9
Q

Charcot

A

Studied Hysteria: temporary loss of cognitive or motor functions, usually as a result of emotionally upsetting experiences
Reoccurred after leaving hypnosis

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10
Q

Freud

A

Memories reside in unconscious

Psychoanalysis: bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness to better understand psychological disorders

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11
Q

Maslow

A

Humanistic psychology emphasized positive potential

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12
Q

Rogers

A

Humanistic psychology

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13
Q

Behaviourism

A

Psychology should restrict itself to studying objectively observable behaviour

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14
Q

Watson

A

Psychologists should study what people do instead of what they say because it can be measured objectively
Integrated Pavlov’s stimulus-response

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15
Q

Skinner

A

Skinner box
Rats
Reinforcement: consequences of a behaviour determine whether it will occur again
Free will an illusion

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16
Q

Wertheimer

A

Illusions
Perception brings many elements together to form whole
Gestalt

17
Q

Lewin

A

Best way to predict behaviour was not to understand stimuli responding to but their subjective interpretation

18
Q

Broadbent

A

We have a limited capacity to handle incoming information

19
Q

Miller

A

We can hold 7 pieces of information at once

20
Q

Chomsky

A

Language relies on mental rules that allow people to understand and produce words and sentences

21
Q

Calkins

A

First female president of the APA

22
Q

Clark

A

First minority president of the APA

Instrumental in ending race discrimination in US schools

Psychology (15 decks)

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