1: Contraception Disadvantages Flashcards
1
Q
- Must be used with every act of intercourse
- Need to exert the self-discipline and control
- Does not prevent STI transmission because penile–vaginal contact occurs, and HIV and other STIs can be present in pre-ejaculatory fluid.
A
Coitus Interruptus
2
Q
- The surgical procedures are expensive.
- Requirements for a waiting period after signing consent.
- Minimum age requirements.
- Less likely to return for annual checkups or to use other preventive health services such as Pap tests.
- Less likely to use condoms for prevention of STIs.
- The younger the woman is, the more likely she is during subsequent years to express regret.
A
Female Sterilization
3
Q
- Low contraceptive effectiveness
- Potential for symptoms of cervicovaginal irritation
A
Spermicides. Women who engage in multiple daily acts of intercourse or who are at high risk for STIs should avoid use of spermicides containing N-9.
4
Q
- Only one formulation available.
- Large amounts of active ingredients still present at disposal.
A
- Vaginal Ring (NuvaRing)
- Patch
5
Q
- The time to return of ovulation varies widely, ranging from 15 to 49 weeks.
- Requires either a trained healthcare professional or a more expensive mode of home administration.
- Does not provide any protection from STIs.
A
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate injection (DMPA or Depo-Provera)
6
Q
Their single-use application may prove more expensive over time than methods that can be reused.
A
- Vaginal Sponges
- Male Condoms
- Female Condoms
7
Q
- Need for careful adherence to the dosing schedule.
- No protection against STIs.
- Androgen effects possible.
A
Progestin-Only Pills (POPs)
8
Q
Regret may occur with certain unanticipated life changes.
A
- Male Sterilization
- Female Sterilization
9
Q
- Increased risk of cervical cx in long-term users, only while using.
- Increased risk of rare liver tumor.
- Increased risk of DVT immediately postpartum.
- Need for daily dosing.
- Ongoing cost.
- Lack of privacy may also be an issue.
- Side effects.
A
Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs)
10
Q
- High initial cost.
- Visit to clinician.
- Possible pre-insertion and post-insertion visits.
- Possible increase in bleeding.
A
Copper IUD (T380A, Paragard)
11
Q
- Some women find them difficult to insert, although this problem decreases with proper education.
- Although it is a female-controlled method, male partner cooperation may still be necessary for consistent use.
- Partner’s lack of acceptance is often cited as a reason for discontinuation.
- Can be used only once, so this method can be costly over time.
A
Female Condoms
12
Q
- During sexual excitement, the upper part of the vagina expands; thus, may no longer provide a complete physical barrier to sperm migration during intercourse.
- Higher initial cost.
- Must be fitted by clinician.
A
- Diaphragms
- Cervical Caps
13
Q
- Detailed education
- Ongoing attention to identifying the fertile window, and abstaining from intercourse or using an additional contraceptive method several days each month.
- Do not protect either partner from STIs.
- Users should be educated about emergency contraception.
A
Fertility Awareness Based (FAB)
14
Q
- Require planning.
- Require application at the time of intercourse and may be interruptive.
- Breakage or slippage of may increase risk of unintended pregnancy.
- Effectiveness is coitus dependent.
- Correct use is critical to prevent breakage, slippage, and resultant unintended pregnancy.
- Male controlled.
A
Male Condoms
15
Q
- It is effective only if it is administered correctly.
- Only one formulation available.
- Large amounts of active ingredients still present at disposal.
A
The Patch (OrthoEvra [discountinued], Xulane)
Must be completely attached to skin. Even partial detachment necessitates replacement.
