1 Anatomical Terms, Planes, Cavities Flashcards
1
Q
Anatomical position
A
body is erect, with head and toes pointed forward and arms hanging at the sides with palms facing forward
2
Q
abdominal
A
the anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs
3
Q
the anterior surface of the elbow
A
Antecubital
4
Q
Antecubital
A
the anterior surface of the elbow
5
Q
Axillary
A
the armpit
6
Q
the armpit
A
Axillary
7
Q
Brachial
A
The arm
8
Q
The arm
A
Brachial
9
Q
Buccal
A
the cheek
10
Q
the cheek
A
Buccal
11
Q
Carpal
A
the wrist
12
Q
the wrist
A
Carpal
13
Q
Cervical
A
The neck region
14
Q
the anterior body trunk region inferior to the ribs
A
abdominal
15
Q
Coxal
A
the hip
16
Q
the hip
A
Coxal
17
Q
Deltoid
A
The roundness of the shoulder caused by the underlying deltoid muscle
18
Q
The roundness of the shoulder caused by the underlying deltoid muscle
A
Deltoid
19
Q
Digital
A
The fingers or toes
20
Q
The fingers or toes
A
Digital
21
Q
Femoral
A
thigh
22
Q
thigh
A
Femoral
23
Q
Fibular
A
lateral part of the leg
24
Q
lateral part of the leg
A
Fibular
25
Inguinal
area where thigh meets the body trunk; the groin
26
area where thigh meets the body trunk; the groin
Inguinal
27
Mammary
the breast
28
the breast
Mammary
29
Manus
the hand
30
the hand
Manus
31
Nasal
the nose area
32
the nose area
Nasal
33
The neck region
Cervical
34
the mouth
Oral
35
Orbital
the bony eye socket; the eye area
36
the bony eye socket; the eye area
Orbital
37
Patellar
The anterior knee (kneecap) region
38
The anterior knee (kneecap) region
Patellar
39
Pelvic
area overlying the pelvis anteriorly
40
area overlying the pelvis anteriorly
Pelvic
41
Pubic
the genital region
42
the genital region
Pubic
43
Sternal
the breastbone area
44
the breastbone area
Sternal
45
inferior
below
46
Tarsal
ankle region
47
Ventral
Belly side
48
ankle region
Tarsal
49
Thoracic
the chest
50
Oral
the mouth
51
Umbilical
the naval
52
the naval
Umbilical
53
Cephalic
head
54
head
Cephalic
55
In four-legged animals used interchangeably with superior
Dorsal
56
Gluteal
buttock
57
buttock
Gluteal
58
Lumbar
The area of the back between the ribs and hips; the loin
59
The area of the back between the ribs and hips; the loin
Lumbar
60
Occipital
the posterior surface of head or base of skull
61
the posterior surface of head or base of skull
Occipital
62
Popliteal
posterior knee area
63
posterior knee area
Popliteal
64
Sacral
the area between the hips (posterior)
65
the area between the hips (posterior)
Sacral
66
Scapular
the shoulder blade area
67
the shoulder blade area
Scapular
68
Sural
the calf or posterior surface of the leg
69
the calf or posterior surface of the leg
Sural
70
Vertebral
the area of the spinal column
71
the area of the spinal column
Vertebral
72
the chest
Thoracic
73
In humans used interchangeably with anterior
Ventral
74
Above
Superior
75
Superior
above
76
Belly side
Ventral
77
Anterior
front
78
below
inferior
79
Posterior
back
80
back
Posterior
81
Medial
toward the midline
82
toward the midlin
Medial
83
Lateral
away from the midline or medial plane
84
away from the midline or medial plane
Lateral
85
Cephalad
toward the head
86
toward the head
cephalad
87
In humans used interchangeably with superior
cephalad
88
in four-legged animals used interchangeably with anterior
cephalad
89
caudad (caudal)
toward the tail
90
toward the tail
caudad (caudal)
91
In humans used interchangeably with inferior
caudad (caudal)
92
In four-legged animals used interchangeably with posterior
caudad (caudal)
93
Dorsal
backside
94
backside
Dorsal
95
In four-legged animals used interchangeably with inferior
Ventral
96
In humans used interchangeably with posterior
Dorsal
97
front
Anterior
98
proximal
nearer the trunk or attached end (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)
99
nearer the trunk or attached end (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)
proximal
100
distal
farther from trunk or point of attachment (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)
101
farther from trunk or point of attachment (along limbs or elongated organ such as intestine)
distal
102
superficial
toward or at the body surface (external)
103
toward or at the body surface
superficial (external)
104
deep
away from the body surface or more internal (internal)
105
away from the body surface or more internal
deep (internal)
106
sagittal plane
the body plane that runs longitudinally down the length of the body, dividing it into right and left parts
107
the body plane that runs longitudinally down the length of the body, dividing it into right and left parts
sagittal plane
108
the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal parts
median or midsagittal plane
109
median or midsagittal plane
the sagittal plane that divides the body into equal parts
110
another name for the median plane
midsagittal plane
111
another name for the midsagittal plane
median plane
112
frontal (coronal) plane
a longitudinal plane that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior and posterior parts
113
a longitudinal plane that divides the body (or an organ) into anterior and posterior parts
frontal (coronal) plane
114
transverse plane
a plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, or cross sections
115
a plane that runs horizontally, dividing the body into superior and inferior parts, or cross sections
transverse plane
116
the superior and inferior parts created by the transverse plane
cross sections
117
cross sections
the superior and inferior parts created by the transverse plane
118
what the dorsal body cavity consists of
the cranial and spinal cavities
119
the cranial and spinal cavities together create this
the dorsal body cavity
120
what does the cranial cavity contain
within the rigid skull contains the brain
121
which body cavity contains the brain
cranial cavity
122
which body cavity protects the spine
the spinal cavity
123
were is the spinal cavity and what does it protect
runs within the bony vertebral column and protects the spinal cord
124
runs within the bony vertebral column and protects the spinal cord
the spinal cavity
125
the relationship between the cranial cavity and the spinal cavity
they compose the dorsal body cavity; the spinal chord is a continuation of the brain, and the cavities containing them are continuous with each other
126
what does the ventral body cavity contain
the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity
127
the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities together create this
the ventral body cavity
128
where is the thoracic cavity in terms of position from the abdominopelvic cavity
thoracic cavity is superior to the abdominopelvic
129
what separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity
diaphragm
130
what does the diaphragm do within the ventral cavity
separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity
131
in which body cavity are the heart and lungs located?
the thoracic cavity
132
In which body cavity is the rib cage located?
the thoracic cavity
133
within the thoracic cavity, what are the heart and lungs protected by?
the rib cage
134
which body cavity is superior to the diaphragm?
the thoracic cavity
135
which body cavity is inferior to the diaphragm?
the abdominopelvic cavity
136
how is the abdominopelvic cavity separated?
no physical separation, but separated into the superior abdominal cavity and the inferior pelvic cavity
137
where are the abdominal and pelvic cavity in position to each other?
the abdominal cavity is superior to the pelvic cavity; no physical separation; the pelvic cavity tips away from the abdominal cavity in a posterior direction
138
in which body cavity are the stomach, intestines, liver, as well as other organs?
the abdominal cavity
139
what are some of the organs that are in the abdominal cavity?
stomach
liver
intestines
140
In which body cavity are the reproductive organs, bladder and rectum?
the pelvic cavity
141
in which body cavity would you find the stomach?
abdominal cavity
142
In which body cavity would you find the intestines?
abdominal cavity
143
In which body cavity would you find the liver?
abdominal cavity
144
In which body cavity would you find the bony pelvis?
the pelvic cavity
145
In which body cavity would you find the reproductive organs?
the pelvic cavity
146
In which body cavity would you find the bladder?
the pelvic cavity
147
In which body cavity would you find the rectum?
Pelvic cavity
148
within the pelvic cavity, what are the organs partially enclosed by?
the pelvis
149
name the quadrants
right upper quadrant RUQ
right lower quadrant RLQ
left upper quadrant LUQ
left lower quadrant LLQ
150
what are the medical schematics used to divide the abdominal surface (and abdominopelvic cavity)
quadrants and regions
151
difference between quadrants and regions
both divide abdominal surface and abdominopelvic cavity; quadrants divide into 4 approximately equal areas/parts, regions divide into 9 separate using four planes
152
the division of the abdominal surface (and abdominopelvic cavity) into four regions
quadrants
153
the division of the abdominal surface (and abdominopelvic cavity) into 9 separate areas
regions
154
which region is located in the middle?
the umbilical region
155
where is the umbilical region located?
in the center
156
which region contains the naval (umbilicus)?
the umbilical region
157
When describing body parts and positions, what do you always assume?
that the body is in anatomical position
158
in anatomical position, what direction are the thumbs pointing
away from the body
159
what do directional terms allow?
to explain exactly where one body structure is in relationship to another
160
Intermediate
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
161
between a more medial and a more lateral structure
Intermediate
162
in the spinal cavity, what is the spinal cord protected by?
the vertebrae which surround the spinal cavity
163
what is the role of the vertebrae in the spinal cavity
they surround the spinal cavity to protect the spinal cord
164
in the dorsal body cavity, what is a continuation of the brain?
the spinal cord
165
the spinal cord is a continuation of what
the brain
166
what extends from the cranial cavity nearly to the end of the vertebral column
the spinal cavity
167
what body cavity contains all of the structures (the visceral organs) within the chest and abdomen?
ventral body cavity
168
diaphragm
dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity
169
dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the rest of the ventral cavity
diaphragm
170
what body cavity contains the heart
thoracic cavity
171
what body cavity contains the lungs
thoracic cavity
172
what central region separates the lungs into left and right cavities in the thoracic cavity?
mediastinum
173
mediastinum
the central region separates the lungs into left and right cavities in the thoracic cavity
174
what visceral organs do the mediastinum house?
heart
trachea
others
175
within the thoracic cavity, what region houses the heart
mediastinum
176
what region within the thoracic cavity houses the trachea
mediastinum
177
the organs of this body cavity are the most unprotected--why?
those within the abdominal cavity because the walls of the abdominal cavity are formed only of the trunk muscles and are not reinforced by bone.
178
which region is located superior to the umbilical region?
```
epigastric region
(epi=upon, above; gastric=stomach)
```
179
where is the epigastric region located?
superior to the umbilical region (top-center)
180
where is the hypogastric region located?
the hypogastric (pubic) region is inferior to the umbilical region (bottom-center)
181
which region is located inferior to the umbilical region?
hypogastric (pubic) region
182
which regions are lateral to the hypogastric region?
the right and left iliac (inguinal) regions
| iliac=superior part of hip bone
183
where are the right and left iliac (inguinal) regions located
lateral to the hypogastric region (bottom left/right corners)
184
which regions are lateral to the umbilical region?
the right and left lumbar regions
| lumbus=loin
185
where are the right and left lumbar regions located?
lateral to the umbilical region (left/right-middle)
186
which regions are lateral to the epigastric region?
the right and left hypochondriac regions
| chondro=cartilage--region contains the ribs
187
where are the right and left hypochondriac regions located?
lateral to the epigastric region (right/left-top)
188
which region contains the ribs?
the left AND right hypochondriac regions both contain the ribs
189
which regions contain the liver?
right hypochondriac region
| epigastric region
190
which region contains the gallbladder?
right hypochondriac region
191
which region contains the ascending colon of the large intestine?
right lumbar region
192
which region contains the small intestine?
umbilical region
193
which region contains the appendix?
right iliac (inguinal) region
194
which region contains the cecum?
right iliac (inguinal) region
195
which region contains the stomach?
epigastric region
196
which region contains the transverse colon of the large intestine?
umbilical region
197
which region contains the descending colon of the large intestine?
left lumbar region
198
which region contains the initial part of the sigmoid colon?
left iliac (inguinal) region
199
which region contains the urinary bladder?
hypogastric (pubic) region
200
where is the inferior transverse plane of the regions located?
just superior to the hip bones
201
where are the parasaggital planes of the regions located?
they lie just medial to the nipples
202
which region overlies most of the stomach
epigastric region
203
which region encompasses the pubic area
hypogastric region
204
which region overlies the superior part of the hip bones
both iliac region
205
which region is between the ribs and flaring part of the hip bones
both lumbar regions
206
which region overlies the lower ribs
both hypochondriac regions
207
what would you find in the right hypochondriac region
liver
gallbladder
lower ribs
part of diaphragm
208
what would you find in the epigastric region
stomach
part of diaphragm
liver
209
what would you find in the left hypochondriac region
part of diaphragm
part of stomach
lower ribs
210
what would you find in the umbilical region
transverse colon of the large intestine
| small intestine
211
what would you find in the right lumbar region
ascending colon of the large intestine
212
what would you find in the left lumbar region
descending colon of the large intestine
213
what would you find in the right iliac region
cecum
| appendix
214
what would you find in the left iliac region
initial part of the sigmoid colon
215
what would you find in the hypogastric region
urinary bladder
216
what is the oral cavity commonly called
the mouth
217
what does the oral cavity contain
teeth and tongue
218
which body cavity is part of and continuous with the cavity of the digestive organs
the oral cavity
219
the oral cavity is continuous with the cavity of the digestive organs, which open to the exterior where?
at the anus
220
where is the nasal cavity located?
within and posterior to the nose
221
which cavity is part of the respiratory system passageways?
the nasal cavity
222
what cavity is within and posterior to the nose?
the nasal cavity
223
the nasal cavity is part of which body system passageways?
the respiratory system
224
what do the orbital cavities (orbits) do?
house the eyes and present them in an anterior position
225
where are the orbital cavities
in the skull
226
what house the eyes and present them in an anterior position
orbital cavities (orbits)
227
where do the middle ear cavities lie
carved into the skull, lie just medial to the eardrums
228
what are carved into the skull and lie just medial to the eardrums
the middle ear cavities
229
what do the middle ear cavities contain?
tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ears
230
where are the tiny bones that transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ears located
in the middle ear cavities
231
what do the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities do
transmit sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ear
232
what transmits sound vibrations to the hearing receptors in the inner ear
the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities
233
what do the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities transmit to the hearing receptors in the inner ear
sound vibrations
234
what do the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities transmit sound vibrations to
the hearing receptors in the inner ear
235
where are the hearing receptors located that the tiny bones in the middle ear cavities transmit sound vibrations to
the inner ear
236
what body cavity lies just medial to the eardrums?
middle ear cavities
237
name the smaller body cavities
oral and digestive cavities
nasal cavity
orbital cavities
middle ear cavities
238
acromial
point of shoulder
239
point of shoulder
acromial
240
antebrachial
forearm
241
forearm
antebrachial
242
crural
leg
243
leg
crural
244
frontal
forehead
245
forehead
frontal
246
mental
chin
247
chin
mental
248
calcaneal
heel of foot
249
heel of foot
calcaneal
250
olecranal
posterior surface of elbow
251
posterior surface of elbow
olecranal
252
plantar region
sole of the foot
253
sole of the foot
plantar region
254
where is the plantar region located on the body
the sole of foot; located on the inferior body surface
255
what region is located on the inferior body surface?
the plantar region (sole of foot)
256
hallux
first or innermost digit of the foot; big toe
257
metatarsal
top of foot between toes and ankle
258
palmar
palm of hand
259
pollex
thumb
260
first or innermost digit of the foot; big toe
hallux
261
top of foot between toes and ankle
metatarsal
262
palm of hand
palmar
263
thumb
pollex
