08_Drug Testing and Monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

Anti-alcohol drugs:

Two main drugs

A

Disulfiram (Antabuse)

Naltrexone (ReVia, Vivitrol)

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2
Q

Antabuse:

Overview

A

Inhibits alcohol metabolism

Accumulation of acetaldehyde = unpleasant physical reactions

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3
Q

Naltrexone:

Overview

A

Opioid receptor antagonists

Blocks craving for alcohol

Blocks reinforcing effects of alcohol

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4
Q

Practical Clinical Trials (PCTs):

Overview

A

Evaluate the effects of interventions under ideal experimental conditions

“Large Simple Trials”

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5
Q

Practical Clinical Trials (PCTs):

Phase III Efficacy Trials

A

Key role in demonstrating intrinsic pharmacological effects of medication

Provide data necessary for cataloging and marketing

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6
Q

Practical Clinical Trials (PCTs):

Key features

A

Clinical dilemma for which there is genuine uncertainty on the best course of action

Precisely formulated research hypothesis that addresses practical medical decision

Easily measurable outcome of clinical significance

Randomized design

Practice setting

Minimal clinician and patient research burden

Large enough sample size to account for heterogeneity of participants

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7
Q

Practical Clinical Trials (PCTs):

General Goal

A

Help reduce uncertainty during critical decision points for clinical care

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8
Q

Practical Clinical Trials (PCTs):

Examples measurable outcomes

A

Functional Recovery

Hospitalization

Death

Suicide attempt

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9
Q

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM):

Overview

A

Measuring specific drugs at designated intervals

Goal is maintain a Constant Concentration in bloodstream

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10
Q

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM):

Characteristics of drugs measured

A

Limited therapeutic range

Pronounced pharmacokinetic variability

Adverse effects

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11
Q

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM):

Main assumption

A

Dosage affects and plasma/blood concentration

Blood concentration connected to therapeutic effects

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12
Q

Genetic testing:

Three Main Types

A

Cytogenetic testing

Biochemical testing

Molecular testing

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13
Q

Genetic testing:

Cytogenics

A

Examination of chromosomes in white blood cells

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14
Q

Genetic testing:

Biochemical testing

A

Examination of protein instead of the gene

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