05_Emotion and Stress Flashcards

1
Q

James-Lange Theory

A

Emotions represent perceptions of bodily reactions to sensory stimuli

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2
Q

Cannon-Bard Theory

A

Simultaneous emotional and bodily reactions

Due to thalamic stimulation of the cortex and PNS

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3
Q

Two-Factor Theory:

Theorists

A

Schachter and Singer (1962)

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4
Q

Two-Factor Theory:

Underlying Study

A

Epinephrine Study

Participants interpreted unexplained arousal in terms of behavior exhibited by Confederate

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5
Q

Two-Factor Theory:

Subjective Emotional Experience is due to…

A

Physiological arousal

Cognitive interpretation of arousal and the context in which it occurs

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6
Q

Cognitive-Appraisal Theory (Lazarus):

Premises

A

Emotions are universal

When two people make the same cognitive appraisal, they will experience the same emotion regardless of environment (and vice versa)

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7
Q

Cognitive-Appraisal Theory (Lazarus):

Three Types

A

Primary appraisal

Secondary appraisal

Re-appraisal

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8
Q

Cognitive-Appraisal Theory (Lazarus):

Primary appraisal of situation

A

Can be: Irrelevant, positive-benign, or stressful to self

May represent: Harm-loss, threat, or challenge

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9
Q

Cognitive-Appraisal Theory (Lazarus):

Secondary appraisal

A

Evaluation of available resources to cope with stressful situation

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10
Q

Cognitive-Appraisal Theory (Lazarus):

Re-Appraisal

A

Monitor situation and modify primary or secondary appraisals

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11
Q

Papez’s Circuit

A

Neural circuit that mediates the experience and expression of emotion

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12
Q

Papez’s Circuit:

Brain Mechanisms

A

Hippocampus

Mammilary bodies

Thalamus

Cingulate gyrus

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13
Q

Emotions:

LEFT hemisphere

A

Happiness and other positive emotions

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14
Q

Emotions:

Right hemisphere

A

Sadness

Fear

Other negative emotions

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15
Q

Emotions:

Left frontal lobe damage

A

Severe depression

Anxiety

Aggression

Paranoia

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16
Q

Emotions:

Right Parietal /Temporal lobe damage

A

Indifference

Apathy

Emotional lability

Undue cheerfulness and joking

17
Q

Which Hemisphere?

Recognition and expression of emotion

A

Right Hemisphere

18
Q

Side of face that displays more intense emotion

A

Left

Facial muscles controlled by right hemisphere

19
Q

Amygdala:

Overactivation (electrical stimulation)

A

Fear and rage response

20
Q

Emotions: Hypothalamus

A

Translation of emotions into physical responses

E.g. physical signs of fear and excitement

21
Q

Emotions: Damage to Hypothalamus

A

Rage response

Uncontrollable laughter

22
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome (Selye):

Three Stages

A

Alarm reaction

Resistance

Exhaustion

23
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome (Selye):

Alarm reaction

A

Hypothalamus increases epinephrine

24
Q

General Adaptation Syndrome (Selye):

Resistance

A

Persistent stress

Breathing/heart rates return to normal levels

Hypothalamus releases ACTH, resulting in cortisol

25
Cortisol: Functions
Maintains high blood glucose levels Increases metabolism of fats and proteins
26
General Adaptation Syndrome (Selye): Exhaustion
Prolonged stress Pituitary gland and adrenal cortex lose ability to maintain elevated hormone levels
27
General Adaptation Syndrome (Selye): Effects of Exhaustion
Physiological processes begin to break down Fatigue Depression Ulcers Hypertension Death in extreme cases
28
Impact of prolonged stress on health
Chronically elevated levels of corticosteroids (cortisol) Decreased production of lymphocytes and antibodies
29
Impact of Type A personality on health
Strongly associated with coronary heart disease in males
30
Amygdala: Underactivation (lesions)
Lack of response to situations that would ordinarily elicit strong emotions