07. L5 Structure and Function of Neuron and Synapse Flashcards
What is A?
Dendrites
What is B?
Soma/ Cell Body
What is C?
Axon
What is D?
Myelin Sheath
What is F?
Terminal Button/ Synaptic Knob (at END of axon terminals)
What is the function of A?
Receive input (neurotransmitters) from other neurons
What is the function of B?
includes a nucleus which controls the neuron
What is the function of C?
Generates actional potential (electrical signal) and transmits information to other neurons
What is the function of D?
insulates/protects the axon from chemical and physical stimuli that might interfere with the transmission of nerve impulses AND speeds up speed of electrical signals on axon
What is the function of F?
send signals from a pre-synaptic neuron to adjacent neurons (releases neurotransmitters)
What is A?
pre-synaptic axon terminal/terminal button
What is B?
vesicle
What is C?
Neurotransmitter
What is D?
receptor site
What is E?
synaptic gap
What is F?
post-synaptic dendrite
Which of A or B shows electrical communication?
B
Which of A or B shows chemical communication?
A
In the lock and key process of neural communication, what is the ‘lock’?
receptor site on post-synaptic dendrite
In the lock and key process of neural communication, what is the ‘key’?
neurotransmitter
What stimulates a pre-synaptic terminal button to release neurotransmitters into the synapse?
When an action potential reaches the axon terminals, the synaptic vesicles release neurotransmitters into the synapse.
What effect does an excitatory neurotransmitter have?
Post-synaptic neuron more likely to fire an action potential/ message continues
What effect does an inhibitory neurotransmitter have?
Post-synaptic neuron less likely to fire / inhibits message
