03a: Vascular System in Trunk

Question 1

List arteries off abdominal aorta (from superior to inferior) that supply body wall. Star the unpaired branches, if any.

Answer 1

1. Inferior phrenic
2. Lumbar
3. Median sacral*

Question 2

List arteries off abdominal aorta (from superior to inferior) that supply urogenital organs. Star the unpaired branches, if any.

Answer 2

1. Middle suprarenal
2. Renal
3. Gonadal (testicular/ovarian)

Question 3

The arterial system in abdomen, aka arteries directly off of (X), contributes to (Y) number of vascular planes.

Answer 3

X = abdominal aorta
Y = 3 (right, left, anterior)

Question 4

The venous system in abdomen, aka tributaries directly to (X), contributes to (Y) number of vascular planes.

Answer 4

X = IVC
Y = 2 (right, left)

Question 5

List the veins in abdomen that drain from body wall structures, into (X).

Answer 5

X = IVC

1. Inferior phrenic
2. Lumbar

Question 6

List the veins in abdomen that drain from urogenital organs, into (X).

Answer 6

X = IVC

1. Right suprarenal vein
2. Right gonadal vein
3. Both right and left renal veins

Question 7

(X) drain(s) into (right/left) renal vein, which then drains into (Y). This differs from the opposite side.

Answer 7

X = left suprarenal and left gonadal
Left;
Y = IVC

Question 8

The pelvic walls, floors, viscera are primarily supplied by branches of (X).

Answer 8

X = internal iliac (aka hypogastric) artery

Question 9

List the primary branches off the internal iliac artery. Briefly include what each supplies.

Answer 9

1. Anterior (primarily pelvic viscera)

2. Posterior (body wall structures)

Question 10

List branches off posterior internal iliac.

Answer 10

1. Iliolumbar
2. Lateral sacral
3. Superior gluteal

Question 11

Iliolumbar artery, off of (X), further branches into which arteries? What does each supply?

Answer 11

X = posterior branch of internal iliac

1. Iliac artery (iliacus muscle and ilium)
2. Lumbar artery (psoas major and quadratus lumborum)

Question 12

Lateral sacral artery, off of (X), supplies:

Answer 12

X = posterior branch of internal iliac

1. Spinal meninges
2. Sacral nerves, muscles, and overlying skin

Question 13

List branches off anterior internal iliac artery. Star those only in female and double-star those only in male.

Answer 13

1. Umbilical
2. Obturator
3. Inferior vesical**
4. Uterine and vaginal*
5. Middle rectal
6. Internal pudendal
7. Inferior gluteal

Question 14

(X) artery in adult gives off multiple (Y) arteries to bladder and ends as (Z)

Answer 14

X = umbilical
Y = vesical
Z = medial umbilical ligaments

Question 15

There are two (median/medial) umbilical ligaments and one (median/medial) umbilical ligament. Which is/are covered in peritoneum?

Answer 15

Medial; median

Medial umbilical ligaments covered in peritoneum

Question 16

Internal pudendal artery supplies:

Answer 16

Pelvic floor and external genitalia

Question 17

(X) artery has an unusual pathway. It originates in pelvis as branch from (Y), then loops around (Z) before tracking (anteriorly/posteriorly).

Answer 17

X = internal pudendal
Y = anterior branch of internal iliac artery
Z = ischial spine

Anteriorly

Question 18

Branches of internal pudendal artery in females.

Answer 18

1. Inferior rectal
2. Perineal
3. Uretheral
4. Posterior labial
5. Artery of bulb of vestibule
6. Dorsal artery of clitoris
7. Deep artery of clitoris

Question 19

Branches of internal pudendal artery in males.

Answer 19

1. Inferior rectal
2. Perineal
3. Uretheral
4. Posterior scrotal
5. Artery of bulb of penis
6. Dorsal artery of penis
7. Deep artery of penis

Question 20

Anal canal is supplied by:

Answer 20

Inferior rectal artery

Question 21

Venous drainage of posterior body wall involves (X) draining into:

Answer 21

X = intercostal/lumbar veins

Into IVC/azygous directly or into SVC via:

1. ascending lumber veins to azygous to SVC
2. epidural venous plexus to azygous to SVC

Question 22

Venous drainage of abdominopelvic region into (X) is called (Y) system.

Answer 22

X = IVC
Y = Caval (system)

Question 23

Venous drainage of abdominal viscera into (X) is called (Y) system.

Answer 23

X = IVC
Y = Hepatic Portal

Question 24

The epidural venous plexus resides in which location?

Answer 24

Inside the vertebral column

Question 25

Union of (X) creates the IVC at level of (Y) vertebra.

Answer 25

``` X = R/L common iliac veins Y = L5 ```

Question 26

T/F: IVC ascends the posterior abdominal wall along the median plane/aorta.

Answer 26

False - ascends slightly right of median plane

Question 27

T/F: Hepatic portal system drains visceral first into IVC then into liver.

Answer 27

False - liver, then IVC

Question 28

Union of (X) creates the IVC at level of (Y) vertebra.

Answer 28

``` X = R/L common iliac veins Y = L5 ```

Question 29

T/F: IVC ascends the posterior abdominal wall along the median plane/aorta.

Answer 29

False - ascends slightly right of median plane

Question 30

List the veins contributing to portal vein.

Answer 30

1. L and R gastric 2. Splenic 3. Superior mesenteric 4. Inferior mesenteric (drains into splenic)

Question 31

In rectus sheath, anastomosis between (X) occurs via which veins?

Answer 31

X = SVC and IVC 1. Inferior epigastric to external iliac to IVC 2. Superior epigastric to internal thoracic to SVC

Question 32

Superficial anterolateral body wall has anastomosis between (X) via which veins?

Answer 32

X = SVC and IVC 1. Superficial epigastric to femoral to external iliac to IVC 2. Lateral thoracic to azygous to SVC

Question 33

Paraumbilical veins lie along (X), within (Y), and normally drain into (Z).

Answer 33

``` X = Ligamentum teres Y = Falciform ligament Z = left branch of portal vein ```

Question 34

List the portocaval anastamoses

Answer 34

1. Esophageal 2. Paraumbilical 3. Rectal 4. Retroperitoneal

Question 35

(Increase/decrease) pressure in portal system causes increase blood flow to be redirected to:

Answer 35

Increase; Into cabal system

Question 36

Esophageal varices are a result of (X) anastamoses.

Answer 36

X = paraesophageal portocaval

Question 37

Cystic vein normally drains into (Z).

Answer 37

Z = right branch of portal vein

Question 38

Caput medusae is a result of (X) anastamoses.

Answer 38

X = paraumbilical portocaval

Question 39

Esophageal varices are a result of (X) anastamoses.

Answer 39

X = paraesophageal portocaval

Question 40

(Perimuscular/internal rectal) plexus is drained into caval system.

Answer 40

Perimuscular

Question 41

List steps of normal venous drainage of rectum/anal canal into portal system.

Answer 41

1. Superior rectal vein 2. Inferior mesenteric vein 3. Splenic vein to portal (etc.)