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Body Structures TAP > 01b: Trunk Organization > Flashcards

01b: Trunk Organization Flashcards

1
Q

List the compartments of the thoracic cavity.

A
  1. Two pulmonary cavities

2. One central mediastinum

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2
Q

Each lung is covered by (X). The layer touching lung is called (Y). The other layer adheres to (Z) and is called;

A 
X = serous pleural sac
Y = visceral pleura
Z = body wall

Parietal pleura

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3
Q

Pleural sac contains:

A

Serous fluid (only)

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4
Q

Pleural sac is functionally important because it provides/allows:

A
  1. Lungs to slide smoothly over each other

2. Surface tension to keep visceral and parietal surfaces in contact

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5
Q

Transitions from one part of pleura to another are called:

A

Reflections

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6
Q

Costal line of reflection is:

A

Transition between costal and diaphragmatic pleura

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7
Q

Vertebral line of reflection is:

A

Transition between costal and mediastinal pleura (posteriorly)

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8
Q

Sternal line of reflection is:

A

Transition between costal and mediastinal pleura (anteriorly)

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9
Q

At (X) location of lung, there is a transition between parietal and visceral pleura.

A

X = hilum

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10
Q

The hilum is a location on (X) where:

A

X = lung

Structures (vessels, bronchi) enter and leave lung

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11
Q

What do “recesses” refer to?

A

Potential spaces at edges of pleural sacs (empty except at full inhalation)

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12
Q

List the recesses between (X) and (Y) of lungs.

A 
X = visceral pleura (lungs)
Y = parietal pleura
  1. Costodiaphragmatic
  2. Costomediastinal
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13
Q

Innervation of pleura is dictated by:

A

what surface it touches

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14
Q

Parietal pleura innervated like (X), by (Y).

A 
X = body wall
Y = intercostal nerves
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15
Q

Visceral pleura innervated like (X), by (Y).

A 
X = lung
Y = plexus derived from sympathetic trunk and vagus nerve
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16
Q

In (X), inflammation of pleura, the (Y) layer of pleura senses the pain of the two surfaces rubbing against each other. The pain has (Z) characteristics.

A 
X = pleurisy
Y = parietal
Z = sharp, localized
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17
Q

In (X), procedure in which fluid is sampled from pleural sac, the needle should be inserted where?

A

X = thoracentesis

Between parietal and visceral pleura

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18
Q

T/F: Aside from the lungs/pleura, the mediastinum contains all thoracic viscera and structures.

A

True

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19
Q

T/F: There is a physical separation between different subdivisions of mediastinum.

A

False - artificially separated

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20
Q

The (X) divides mediastinum into the two main subdivisions:

A

X = Transverse thoracic plane (TPP)

Superior and inferior mediastinum

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21
Q

The TPP can be drawn between (X) and (Y).

A 
X = sternal angle (anteriorly)
Y = T4/T5 IV disc (posteriorly)
22
Q

The (X) subdivision of mediastinum can be further divided into:

A

X = inferior

Anterior, middle, posterior parts

23
Q

Superior mediastinum extends from (X) to (Y).

A 
X = superior thoracic aperature
Y = TTP
24
Q

Primary lymphoid organ, (X), undergoes involution at (Y) stage of life and is gradually replaced by (Z).

A 
X = thymus
Y = puberty
Z = fat
25
Q

The great vessels in (X) mediastinum involve (inflow/outflow) tracts related to:

A

X = superior mediastinum

Both inflow and outflow to heart and lungs

26
Q

In superior mediastinum, (X) drain into (Y), which drains into RA.

A 
X = R/L brachiocephalic veins 
Y = superior vena cava
27
Q

List key great vessels involved with outflow from heart to body.

A

Aorta… lol

28
Q

List key great vessels involved in communication between heart and lungs.

A

Pulmonary arteries and veins

29
Q

Great vessels involved in inflow/outflow to lungs are (superior/inferior/anterior/posterior) to those involved in inflow/outflow to body.

A

Inferior

30
Q

Anterior mediastinum resides between (X) anteriorly and (Y) posteriorly.

A 
X = sternum
Y = pericardium
31
Q

Anterior mediastinum contains (X) structures.

A

X = very few (CT, fat, lymph, branches of internal thoracic vessels)

32
Q

Middle mediastinum contains:

A

Heart, roots of great vessels, pericardium

33
Q

Primary region/mediastinum through which structures pass through thorax.

A

Posterior mediastinum

34
Q

List structures that pass through posterior mediastinum

A
  1. Esophagus
  2. Aorta
  3. Veins (azygous, hemiazygous, accessory hemiazygous)
  4. Thoracic ducts/nodes
  5. Nerves (sympathetic trunk, splanchnic nerves, vagus nerve)
35
Q

The very first branches off aorta are (X) and come off which surface of aorta?

A

X = Coronary (L/R)

Anterior surface

36
Q

List the paired branches off aorta.

A
  1. Bronchial arteries
  2. Intercostal and subcostal
  3. Superior phrenic
37
Q

There are (X) pairs of intercostal arteries and (Y) pairs of subcostal arteries branching off (Z).

A 
X = 11
Y = 1
Z = aorta
38
Q

Bronchial arteries off (X) supply the (Y).

A 
X = aorta
Y = lungs
39
Q

(Most/all) paired branches off aorta supply (X).

A

Most (except bronchial);

X = body wall

40
Q

(X) arteries are paired branches off (Y) that supply upper surface of diaphragm.

A 
X = superior phrenic
Y = aorta
41
Q

List the unpaired arteries off aorta.

A
  1. Esophageal
  2. Pericardial
  3. Mediastinal
42
Q

Pericardial arteries supply:

A

pericardium

43
Q

Mediastinal arteries supply:

A

lymph nodes and posterior mediastinal tissue

44
Q

List the nerves that run vertically through superior and inferior mediastina.

A
  1. Phrenic
  2. Vagus
  3. Sympathetic trunk
45
Q

Somatic innervation to diaphragm via:

A

Phrenic nerve

46
Q

Vagus nerve provides (X) innervation to (Y).

A 
X = parasympathetic
Y = viscera
47
Q

(X) nerve becomes a plexus on (Y) side(s) of esophagus.

A 
X = vagus
Y = anterior and posterior
48
Q

(X) nerve runs anterior to root of lung.

A

X = phrenic

49
Q

(Y) nerve runs posterior to root of lung.

A

Y = vagus

50
Q

Vagus nerve gives rise to (X) nerve.

A

X = recurrent laryngeal

51
Q

(Foregut/midgut/handgun) has/have ventral and dorsal mesentery. Which only has/have (X) mesentery?

A

Foregut (both);

Midgut and hindgut only have
X = dorsal mesentery

Body Structures TAP (12 decks)

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