03: Non-Fermenting Gr Neg Flashcards
1
Q
Pseudomonas is oxidase ___
A
positive
2
Q
Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas are oxidase ___
A
negative
3
Q
Non-fermenting Gr (-) bacteria are motile except ___
A
Burkholderia mallei
4
Q
Oxygen requirement of non-fermenters
A
obligate aerobes
5
Q
Most important spp. in the fluorescent group
A
P. aeruginosa
6
Q
Fluorescent group
Leading cause of nosocomial respiratory tract infection
A
P. aeruginosa
7
Q
Fluorescent group
Causes Otitis externa on swimmer’s or diver’s infection
A
P. aeruginosa
8
Q
Fluorescent group
Cause of Jacuzzi/ hot tub syndrome
A
P. aeruginosa
9
Q
Fluorescent group
Cause of bacteremia leading to ecthyma gangrenosum
A
P. aeruginosa
10
Q
Fluorescent group
Virulence factor of P. aeruginosa that makes it resistant to most antibiotics
A
unusual porin
11
Q
Virulence factor of P. aeruginosa
inhibits/blocks protein synthesis
A
exotoxin A
12
Q
Virulence factor of P. aeruginosa
Polysaccharide polymer in mucoid strains
A
alginate
13
Q
Fluorescent group
Pigments produced by P. aeruginosa
A
- Pyocyanin - blue, water-soluble
- Pyoverdin - yellow green, fluorescein
- Pyorubin - red
- Pyomelanin - brown
14
Q
Fluorescent group
Odor produced by P. aeruginosa
A
fruity or “corn tortilla-like” odor
2-aminoacetophenone
15
Q
Fluorescent group
Optimal temperature for P. aeruginosa growth
A
42C
stenotrophomonas
16
Q
Fluorescent group
Exclusive growth media for P. aeruginosa
A
Cetrimide agar
17
Q
Fluorescent group
Colony morphology of P. aeruginosa in BAP
A
ground glass appearance with feathery edge
18
Q
Fluorescent group
Hemolytic pattern of P. aeruginosa
A
B-hemolytic
19
Q
Fluorescent group
Appearance of P. aeruginosa colonies on colorless medium
A
bluish-green, diffusable pigment
20
Q
Fluorescent group
Other members of the fluorescent group that has a very low virulence, rarely causing clinical disease
A
P. fluorescens & P. putida
21
Q
Other member of fluorescent group aside from P. aeruginosa
Associated with catheter-related sepsis in patients with cancer
A
P. putida
22
Q
Other member of fluorescent group aside from P. aeruginosa
Infections related to contaminated catheters and catheter-related devices
A
P. fluorescens
23
Q
Fluorescent group
Nitrate reducton and acetamide utilization reaction of P. fluorescens and P. putida
A
negative, negative
24
Q
Fluorescent group
Pigment produced by P. fluorescens and P. putida
A
Pyoverdin
they do not produce pyocyanin
25
# Fluorescent group
Method of differentiation of *P. fluorescens* and *P. putida*
Gelatin hydrolysis
* *P. fluorescens* (+)
* *P. putida* (-)
26
# Non-fluorescent group
Easily recognizable, causes otitis media, conjunctivitis, septic arthritis in cystic fibrosis patients and meningitis and UTI in HIV patients
*Pseudomonas/ Burkholderia stutzeri*
27
# Non-fluorescent group
Causes endocarditis and is a usual contaminant
*P. mendocina*
28
# Non-fluorescent group
Dry, wrinkled, leathery colonies that produce light yellow or buff/light brown color
*P. stutzeri*
29
# Non-fluorescent group
Arginine dihydrolase (AD) and starch hydrolysis (SH) reaction of *P. stutzeri*
AD (-)
SH (+)
30
# Non-fluorescent group
Often considered contamnant when isolated from clinical specimens
*P. pseudoalcaligenes* & *P. alcaligenes*
31
# Non-fluorescent group
Oxidase reaction of *P. pseudoalcaligenes* and *P. alcaligenes*
positive
32
# Non-fluorescent group
Differentiating test between *P. pseudoalcaligenes* and *P. alcaligenes*
ADH
* *P. pseudoalcaligenes* (-)
* *P. alcaligenes* (+)
| *P. pseudoalcaligenes* may also weakly ferment fructose
33
# Non-fluorescent group
*P. pseudoalcaligenes* and *P. alcaligenes* are motile due to ___
polar flagella
34
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
The two species most commonly seen in clinical specimens
*A. baumannii* & *A. lwoffii*
35
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Glucose-oxidizing, nonhemolytic strain
*A. baumannii*
36
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Glucose negative, nonhemolytic strain
*A. lwoffii*
37
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Much less virulent, and when isolated, usually indicates contamination or colonization rather than infection
*A. lwoffii*
38
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Implicated in meningitis among immunocompromised
*A. lwoffii*
39
Associated with ventilators, humidifiers, catheters, etc.
*Acinetobacter spp.*
40
Catalase and oxidase reaction of *Acinetobacter spp.*
catalase (+)
oxidase (-)
41
Motility of *Acinetobacter spp.*
non-motile
42
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
B-hemolytic strain
*A. haemolyticus*
43
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Colonies of *A. baumanni* in EMB
purplish hue with a blue-grey (cornflower blue) center
| due to lactose oxidation
44
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Large, gummy, translucent, gray white colonies in BAP
*A. baumanni*
45
# *Acinetobacter spp.*
Colonies of *A. baumanni* in MAC
Bluish/ peach to pink color
46
3rd most commonly isolated among non-fermenters
*Stenotrophomonas maltophilia*
47
# *Stenotrophomonas spp.*
Most common source of *S. maltophilia* contamination
blood drawing equipment
48
# *Stenotrophomonas spp.*
Oxidase reaction of *S. maltophilia*
negative
49
# *Stenotrophomonas spp.*
Colony appearance of *S. maltophilia* on MAC
bluish
50
# *Stenotrophomonas spp.*
Colony appearance of *S. maltophilia* on BAP
lavender green pigment
51
# *Stenotrophomonas spp.*
CHO oxidation of *S. maltophilia*
* glucose: w (+)
* maltose: s (+)
52
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Isolated from irrigation fluids, anesthetics, nebulizers, detergents, and disinfectants
*B. cepacia*
53
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Has an onion bulb rot in plants and food rot in humans odor
*B. cepacia*
54
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Colony appearance and odor of *B. cepacia* on BAP
smooth and slightly raise; dirt-like odor
55
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Appearance of *B. cepacia* on MAC
colorless; becomes pink to red after 4-7 days
56
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Most strains are ONPG ___
positive
57
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Specific selective media for *B. cepacia*
* PC (*Pseudomonas cepacia* Agar)
* OFPBL
* BCSA (*Burkholderia cepacia* Selective Agar)
58
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Pigment produced by *B. cepacia*
Nonfluorescing yellow/green pigment
59
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Causes melioidosis
*B. pseudomallei*
60
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Found in water and muddy soils in Southeast Asia including Vietnam and Thailand
*B. pseudomallei*
61
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Etiologic agent of Vietnam Time Bomb
*B. pseudomallei*
62
# *Burkholderia spp.*
MOT of *B. pseudomallei*
direct innoculation
63
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Specific selective media for *B. pseudomallei*
Ashdown media
64
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Colony appearance of *B. pseudomallei* on BAP
smooth to wrinkled
65
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Appearance of *B. pseudomallei* in gram staining
has bipolar, safety pin appearance
66
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Colony appearance of *B. pseudomallei* on Ashdown media
dry, wrinkled pink or purple
67
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Distinct odor of *B. pseudomallei*
earthy odor
68
# *Burkholderia spp.*
CHO oxidized by *B. pseudomallei*
* glucose
* maltose
* lactose
* mannitol
| *P. stutzeri* doesn't oxidize lactose w/ch is its differentiating factor
69
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Associated in patients with cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease px.
*B. glandioli*
70
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Causes Glander's/Farcy disease
*B. mallei*
71
# *Burkholderia spp.*
Disease caused by *B. mallei* that is a respiratory infection in livestocks and horses
Glander's/ Farcy disease
72
TSI reaction of *P. aeruginosa*
K/K
73
# Laboratory dx. (non-fermenting gr neg bacilli)
Determine the ability of an organism to use acetamide as the sole source of carbon
acetamide utilization
| only *P. aeruginosa* will be (+)
74
# Laboratory dx. (non-fermenting gr neg bacilli)
Indicator of acetamide utilization test
bromthymol blue
| turns acetamide to ammonia, resulting in blue color
75
# Laboratory dx. (non-fermenting gr neg bacilli)
Spp. that will have good growth at 42C and 35C
* *P. aeruginosa*
* *S. maltophilia*
76
# Laboratory dx. (non-fermenting gr neg bacilli)
Will not present good growth at 42C and 35C
* *P. fluorescens*
* *P. putida*
77
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Found in water
*A. faecalis*
78
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
*A. faecalis* is motile due to ___
peritrichous flagella
79
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Most commonly isolated *Achromobacter spp.*
*A. xylosoxidans*
80
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Odor and colony appearance of *Achromobacter* on SBA
fruity odor; green discoloration
81
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Can be isolated in an immunocompromised px.
*Brevundimonas spp.*
82
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Motile isolates of *Brevundimonas spp.*
*B. diminuta*
83
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
In *Brevundimonas spp.*, this virulence factor contributes to the multidrug resistance
VIM-2metallo-B-lactamase
84
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Recently considered to be a pathogen
*Brevundimonas spp.*
85
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
On gram stain, this organism may appear as curved bacilli that resembe vibrios, with slightly curved gram neg rodes with rounded ends
*C. violaceum*
86
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Solubility of violacein in water and ethanol
water-insoluble
ethanol-soluble
87
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Appearance of *C. violaceum* in MHA
black or very dark purple
88
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Odor of *C. violaceum* in SBA
ammonium cyanide
89
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
Can be isolated from swimming pools, as well as hospital equipment and laboratory supplies
*S. paucimobilis*
90
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
The yellow pigment of *S. paucimobilis* only appears on ___ and not on MAC, and requires ___ hours
SBA, 48 hours
91
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
*S. paucimobilis* is motile at ___ to ___, but not at 37C
10-22
92
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
*Flavobacteriaceae* are nonmotile except ___
*B. alpaca*
93
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
All *Flavobacteriaceae* are indole positive except ___
*Myroides* & *Sphingobacterium*
94
# Less commonly encountered non-fermenting gr neg bacilli
All *Flavobacteriaceae* are polymyxin B resistant except ___
*W. virosa*
| polymyxin B (S)
95
# *Flavobacteriaceae*
Cause meningitis or septicemia in a newborn, especially in conjunction with prematurity
*Elizabethkingia meningoseptica*
96
# *Flavobacteriaceae*
Curve to straight rod, motile by polar flagella
*B. alpaca*
97
# *Flavobacteriaceae*
Appearance of *B. alpaca* colonies
pale yellow, becoming brown with age
98
# *Flavobacteriaceae*
Most frequently isolated species found in human specimens
*C. indologenes*
99
# *Flavobacteriaceae*
This spp. is insignificant when isolated in rare numbers or from only one medium or one specimen
*C. indologenes*
100
# *Shewanella spp.*
From environmental sources such as stagnant water, natural gas, brine, and spoiled dairy products
*S. putrefaciens*
101
# *Shewanella spp.*
More frequently isolated from clinical specimens
*S. algae*
102
# *Shewanella spp.*
Appearance of *Shewanella* colonies on SBA
tan to brown pigment causing greenish coloration
| these colonies are often mucoid
103
# *Shewanella spp.*
Test to differentiate *Shewanella* from *Enterbactericeae*
Oxidase test
* *Shewanella* (+)
* *Enterobacteriaceae* (-)
104
# *Shewanella spp.*
*S. algae* requires ___ and is asaccharolytic
NaCl
| *S. putrefaciens* is nonhalophilic and saccharolytic
