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MT6320 > 02 NEISSERIA AND MORAXELLA > Flashcards

02 NEISSERIA AND MORAXELLA Flashcards

1
Q

Give the resut

Neisseria:
Cytochrome Oxidase
Catalase

A

Oxidase (+)
Catalase (+)

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2
Q

Shape and arrangement of Neisseria

A

Coffee bean/ Kidney in pairs

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3
Q

All Neisseria are diplococci except ___

A
  • N. elongata
  • N. bacilliformis
  • N. animaloris
  • N. weaveri
  • N. zoodegmatis

Appear as bacilli

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4
Q

Optimum temparature for Neisseria

A

32-36C

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5
Q

Neisseria spp. that require strict temperature condition

A
  • N. gonorrhoeae
  • N. meningitidis

35-37C (w/ additional iron)

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6
Q

All Neisseria spp. are catalase (+) except __

A
  • N. elongata
  • N. bacilliformis
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7
Q

Significant virulent factor of Neisseria

A

Endotoxin consisting of lipooligosaccharide

LOS instead of LPS

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8
Q

Pathogenic stains of Neisseria

A
  • N. meningitidis
  • N. gonorrhoeae
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9
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

Commensal inhabitant of the upper respiratory tract

A

N. meningitidis

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10
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

Not a part of human normal microbiota and may be obtained from scratch and bite of dogs and cats

A

N. animaloris

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11
Q

Additional requirement for fastidious Neisseria spp.

A
  • Factor X & V
  • Cysteine
  • Iron
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12
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria

Obtain iron from the host

A

Transferrin receptors

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13
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria

Antiphagocytic

A

Capsule

N. meningitidis

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14
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria

Adhesion and attachment

A

Pili (fimbriae)

N. gonorrhoeae

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15
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria (cell membrane protein)

Present in N. meningitidis

A

Por A & Por B

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16
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria (cell membrane protein)

Present in N. gonorrhoeae

A

Por B

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17
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria (cell membrane protein)

Adhesion to phagocytic cells and epithelial cells

A

Protein II (Opa)

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18
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria (cell membrane protein)

Blocks IgG action

A

Protein III (Rmp)

Prevent complement activity

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19
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria (cell membrane protein)

Fights inflammatory response and serum complement-mediated killing

A

Protein II (Opa)

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20
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria

Produces spots, rashes, bruises

A

Endotoxin (LOS)

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21
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria

Releases “blebs” during period of rapid growth

A

Endotoxin (LOS)

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22
Q

Virulence factors of pathogenic Neisseria

Damages tissue and elicits an inflammatory response

A

Endotoxin (LOS)

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23
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

Etiologic agent of the 2nd most common STD

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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24
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

Etiologic agent of acute pyogenic infection of nonciliated columnar and transitional epithelium

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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25
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

Etiologic agent of ophthalmia neonatorum

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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26
Q

Manifestation of N. gonorrhoeae in women that is presented as perihepatitis affecting Glisson’s capsule

A

Fitz Hugh Curtis Syndrome

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27
Q

DOC for ophthalmia neonatorum

A

Erythromycin

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28
Q

Main pathogenic factor of N. gonorrhoeae

A

Pili

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29
Q

Pathogenic strain of N. gonorrhoeae

A

T1 & T2

presence of pili

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30
Q

Non-pathogenic strain of N. gonorrhoeae

A

T3, T4, T5

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31
Q

DOC for N. gonorrhoeae

A

Ceftriaxone

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32
Q

DOC for N. gonorrhoeae + C. trachomatis

A

Ceftriaxone + Azythromycin

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33
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

MOT: Droplet infection

A

N. meningitidis

34
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

More common in crowded areas and colder months

A

N. meningitidis

35
Q

Identify the Neisseria spp.

2nd most common cause of meningitis among persons aged 2-18

A

N. meningitidis

1st - S. pneumoniae

36
Q

A condition caused by N. meningitidis that causes hemorrhage on adrenal gland, intravenous coagulation, and death within 12-48 hours

A

Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome

37
Q

DOC for N. meningitidis

A

Penicillin
Cephalosporin (meningococcemia)

38
Q

T/F: AST is not routinely performed in N. meningitidis

39
Q

Identify the N. meningitidis serotype

Underdeveloped countries

40
Q

Identify the N. meningitidis serotype

In developed countries such as the US and Europe

41
Q

Identify the N. meningitidis serotype

In rare cases may cause pneumonia on adults

42
Q

Identify the N. meningitidis serotype

Common in US

43
Q

Identify the N. meningitidis serotype

Invasive

44
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Specimen of choice for men

A

Urethral discharge

others: rectum, pharynx, synovial fluid, blood, CSF

45
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Specimen of choice for women

A

Endocervical discharge

others: rectum, pharynx, synovial fluid, blood, CSF

46
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Manners of collection

A
  • Swab
  • Aspirates
  • Blood culture
  • Lumbar tap
47
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Clear fluids more than 1mL must be centrifuged at ___ (temp.), ___ (g), at for ___ (time)

A

room temp
1500 g
15 mins

48
Q

Transport media for N. gonorrhoeae

Modified Thayer Martin w/ CO2 generator

A

JEMBEC Plate

49
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Pattern of cross-streaking

50
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Transport medium used to allow direct plating

A
  • JEMBEC Plate
  • Gono-Pak
  • Transgrow
51
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Used transport medium if immediate plating is not possible

A

Amie’s medium with charcoal

52
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

T/F: After gram staining of male samples, confirmatory biochemical tests are done

A

F

gram staining is already presumptive for MALE PX.

53
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Medium of choice

A

CAP w/ inhibitors

vancomycin, colistin, antifungal agents

54
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); identify the medium

  • Vancomycin
  • Colistin
  • Nystatin
A

Thayer Martin

55
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); identify the medium

  • Vancomycin
  • Colistin
  • Nystatin
  • Trimethoprim
A

Modified Thayer Martin

trimethoprim prevents swarming

56
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); identify the medium

  • Vancomycin
  • Colistin
  • Trimethoprim
  • Anisomicin
A

Martin Lewis

anisomicin is used instread of nystatin

57
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); identify the medium

  • Vancomycin
  • Colistin
  • Trimethoprim
  • Amphtericin B
A

New York City Agar

Mycoplasma & Ureaplasma may also grow

58
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); identify the medium

  • Vancomycin
  • Lincomycin
  • Colistin
  • Amphotericin B
  • Trimethroprim
59
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Differentiates Neisseria from Kingella & Acinetobacter

A

10-unit Penicillin disk

60
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae)

Presumptive test for N. gonorrhoeae

A

Superoxol test

61
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); immunologic test

Principle: coagglutination
Uses antibodies to detect carrier strains of S. aureus

62
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); immunologic test

Principle: colorimetry
Detects soluble particles

63
Q

Laboratory dx. (N. gonorrhoeae); immunologic test

Uses fluorescein-labelled antibodies

A

MicroTrak assay

64
Q

Incubation conditions of N. gonorrhoeae

A

35C in 3-5% CO2

65
Q

Incubation conditions of N. gonorrhoeae

A

5-10% CO2; within 18-24 hrs

66
Q

M. catarrhalis is formerly known as ___

A

Branhamella catarrhalis

67
Q

3rd most common cause of otitis media

A

M. catarrhalis

68
Q

Has “hockeypuck” consistency

A

M. catarrhalis

69
Q

Older colonies of M. catarrhalis appear ___

A

Wagon wheel

70
Q

Optimum growing temperature for M. catarrhalis

71
Q

Laboratory dx. that differentiates Neisseria from M. catarrhalis

A

CHO test

M. catarrhalis: asaccharolytic

72
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Mistaken for N. gonorrhoeae but grows on BAP

73
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Causes nosocomial pneumonia; susceptible to colistin

A

N. cinera

N. gonorrhoeae is colistin (R)

74
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Yellow pigmented

A

N. flavescens

75
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Uses lactose

A

N. lactamica

76
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Large colonies; very mucoid; causes pneumonia

77
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Produces large amounts of extracellular polysaccharide in media containing 1% to 5% sucrose

A

N. polysaccharea

78
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Dry, wrinkled; breadcrumb like colonies

79
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Less yellow pigmented colonies

A

N. subflava

80
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Rod shaped

A

N. elongata

81
Q

Identify the commensal Neisseria

Normal flora on dogs; potential pathogen that has reported cases of septicemia among immunocompromised

A

N. weaveri

MT6320 (10 decks)

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