03: Haemophilus & Other Fastidious Bacteria 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Most Haemophilus spp. are oxidase positive except ___
A
- H. ducreyi
- A. aprophilus
2
Q
Most Haemophilus spp. are catalase positive except ___
A
- H. ducreyi
- A. sequis
3
Q
happy
A
studying :)
4
Q
Most Haemophilus spp. require X and V factors except ___
A
- H. aprophilus/ A. aprophilus
5
Q
Most Haemophilus spp. inhabit URT and oral cavity except ___
A
H. ducreyi
causes STD (chanchroid)
6
Q
Most Haemophilus spp. are normal flora and opportunistic pathogens except ___
A
- H. influenzae
- H. ducreyi
they are encapsulated
7
Q
Haemophilus spp.
Common name of H. influenzae
A
Pfeiffer’s Bacillus
8
Q
Haemophilus spp.
T/F: H. influenzae causes influenza
A
F
name is a misnomer, but it is associated with flu during pandemic
9
Q
Haemophilus spp.
H. influenzae may be recovered in ___
A
upper RT (oropharynx)
10
Q
Virulence factor of H. influenzae
Basis of serotyping
A
Capsule
made up of polyribosyl phosphate (PRP)
11
Q
Virulence factor of H. influenzae
Cleave IgA
A
IgA protease
12
Q
Most virulent H. influenzae serotype and is commonly associated with patient with meningitis
A
b
13
Q
H. influenzae biotype is based on ___
A
- indole
- urease
- ODC
14
Q
H. influenzae biotype
Meningitis and septicemia
A
biotype I
15
Q
H. influenzae biotype
- Indole (+)
- Urease (+)
- ODC (+)
A
biotype I
16
Q
H. influenzae biotype
Eye and RT infections
A
biotype II, III
17
Q
H. influenzae biotype
- Indole (-)
- Urease (+)
- ODC (-)
A
biotype III
18
Q
Rx. for H. influenzae
A
ceftriaxone or cefotaxime
rifampin for chemoprophylaxis
19
Q
H. influenzae strain
Causes meningitis, epiglottitis, bacterial tracheitis
A
capsulated strains
20
Q
H. influenzae strain
Causes otitis media, conjunctivitis, sinusitis, bacteremia, pneumonia
A
non-capsulated strains
21
Q
Haemophilus spp.
A strict human pathogen that is present in female sexual workers
A
H. ducreyi
22
Q
Haemophilus spp.
Common name for H. ducreyi
A
Ducrey’s Bacillus
23
Q
Rx. for H. ducreyi
A
- azithromycin
- ceftriaxone
- ciprofloxacin
- erythromycin
24
Q
Haemophilus spp.
Causes genital ulcer disease in the penis, labia, and vagina
A
H. ducreyi
25
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Causes suppurative buboes
*H. ducreyi*
26
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Causes pediatric conjunctivities and Brazilian purpuric fever
*H. influenzae* biogroup *aegyptius*
| or *H. influenzae* biogroup III; resembles *H. aegyptius*
27
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Common name for *H. aegyptius*
Koch-Weeks Bacillus
28
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Causes pink-eye, a highly contageous conjunctivitis
*H. aegyptius*
29
# *Haemophilus spp.*; opportunistic pathogens
Causes endocarditis
*A. aprophilus*
30
# *Haemophilus spp.*; opportunistic pathogens
Causes mitral valve endocarditis
*H. parainfluenzae*
31
# *Haemophilus spp.*; opportunistic pathogens
Causes pharyngitis
*H. parahaemolyticus*
32
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Transport media
* Amie's with charcoal
* Modified Stuart's
33
# *Haemophilus spp.*; appearance in gram staining
Gr (-) small coccobacilli or small rods
*H. influenzae*
34
# *Haemophilus spp.*; appearance in gram staining
Long slender rods
*H. influenzae* biotype *aegyptius*
35
# *Haemophilus spp.*; appearance in gram staining
School of fish
*H. ducreyi*
36
# *Haemophilus spp.*; appearance in gram staining
Very short coccobacilli
*H. aprophilus*
37
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Preferred isolation medium
CAP
| 35-37C; 24 hrs; increased CO2; + bacitracin enriched w/ 1% IsoVitalex
38
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Used for primary isolation
Staph Streak
| allows satellite growth; *S. aureus* produces NAD
39
# *Haemophilus spp.*
A medium used for *H. ducreyi* isolation
Nairobi Biplate
| Mueller-Hinton based CAP
40
# *Haemophilus spp.*
A clear medium with X and V factors
Levinthal Agar
41
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Appearance of colonies of encapsulated *H. influenzae* in Levinthal Agar
iridescent colonies
42
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Appearance of non-encapsulated *H. influenzae* in Levinthal Agar
transparent, bluish, non-iridescent
43
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Distinct odor of *H. influenzae*
mousy/ bleach-like odor
44
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Test for X factor dependence
Porphyrin test
| (+): red fluorescence
45
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Serologic test that uses Staphylococcal coagglutination technique
Phadebact
46
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Positive result of Neufeld Quellung Reaction
Absence of turbidity
47
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Does not ferment CHO
*H. ducreyi*
48
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Ferments glucose, sucrose, lactose, fructose, and ONPG (+)
*H. aprophilus*
49
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Ferments glucose, sucrose, frucose, but not lactose
* *H. parainfluenzae*
* *H. parahaemolyticus*
50
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Does not require X & V factor; grows on SBA, CAP
*H. aprophilus*
51
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Require X factor only; grows on SBA and CAP
*H. ducreyi*
52
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Requires V factor only; grows on CAP only; hemolyses horse/rabbit blood
*H. parahaemolyticus*
53
# *Haemophilus spp.*
Requires V factor only; grows on CAP only; does not hemolyse horse/rabbit blood
*H. parainfluenzae*
54
Catalase and oxidase reaction of *P. multocida*
positive, positive
55
Distinct odor of *P. multocida*
mushroom smell/ musty odor
56
*P. multocida* appearance in bipolar staining
safety pin appearance
57
Hemolytic pattern of *P. multocida* in SBA
non-hemolytic
58
Reservoir of *P. multocida*
oral cavity of domestic dogs, cats, pigs, horses, cattle
59
Causes shipping fever among cattle and RT and wound infections in humans
*P. multocida*
60
Hemorrhagic septicemic fever in animals caused by *P. multocida*
Shipping fever
61
Virulence factor of *P. multocida*
* endoxotin
* capsule
62
# *Brucellaceae*
Common name for *Brucella*
Bang's Bacillus
63
# *Brucellaceae*
Gram staining appearance of *Brucella*
Gram (-) bacilli/ coccobacilli "sand appearance"
64
Catalase and oxidase reaction of *Brucella*
positive, positive
65
Induces spontaneous abortions among animals
*Brucella*
66
Systemic disease caused by *Brucella* in humans
Brucellosis, otherwise known as:
* Undulant fever
* Malta fever
* Bang's disease
* Gibraltar fever
* Mideterranean fever
67
# *Brucellaceae*
*B. abortus* requires ___ for growth
niacin
68
# *Brucellaceae*; reservoir
Cow; camels, yak, buffalo
*B. abortus*
69
# *Brucellaceae*; reservoir
Goat, sheep, camel
*B. melitensis*
70
# *Brucellaceae*; reservoir
Pigs (biotypes 1-3)
*B. suis*
71
# *Brucellaceae*; reservoir
Dogs
*B. canis*
72
# *Brucellaceae*; reservoir
Requires CO2; H2S production (+)
*B. abortus*
73
# *Brucellaceae*
Gold standard for diagnosis
detection of febrile agglutinins
| paired sera; collected during acute & convalescent; (+) = 4x increase
74
# *Franciscellaceae*
Causes the most severe disease
*F. tularensis* subsp. *tularensis*
| Jellison Type A
75
# *Franciscellaceae*
Less severe; prevalent in Eurasia and North America
*F. tuleransis* subsp. *holartica*
| Jellison Type B
76
77
Oxidase and urease reaction of *Francisella*
negative, negative
78
Most *Francisella* requires cysteine and thiosulfate except ___
*F. phylomiragia*
79
*Brucella* is classified as a ___ select biological agents by CDC
category B
80
Oxidase (+) *Francisella spp.*
* *F. philomiragia*
* *F. hispaniensis*
81
*Francisella* is classified as a CDC ___ select biological agent
category A
82
# *Francisella spp.*
Minimum infective dose if injected
10 organisms
83
# *Francisella spp.*
Minimum infective dose if ingested
25 organisms
84
# *Francisella spp.*
Most important reservoir
rabbit
85
# *Francisella spp.*; clinical manifestation
Most common
ulceroglandular
86
# *Francisella spp.*; clinical manifestation
Most serious form
Pneumonic
87
# *Francisella spp.*; clinical manifestation
Obtained after touching eyes or through infective dust
oculoglandular
| conjunctivitis & lymphadenopathy present
88
DOC for *Francisella*
streptomycin
89
# *Francisella spp.*
Less severe, non-fastidious; causes waterborne tularemia
*F. philamiragia*
90
# *Francisella spp.*
Susceptibility test for tularemia; skin test detecting exposure from the past
Foshay test
91
Fastidious spp. from *Bordetella* genus
*B. pertussis*
92
# *Bordetella spp.*
Catalse and oxidase (+) except ___
*B. parapertussis*
93
# *Bordetella spp.*
Most are non-motile except ___
* *B. bronchiseptica*
* *B. avium*
* *B. hinzii*
* *B. ansorpii*
94
# *Bordetella spp.*
Common name for *B. pertussis*
Bordet Gengou Bacillus
95
# *Bordetella spp.*
Distinct clinical sign of *B. pertussis* infection
marked lymphocyte increase
96
# *B. pertussis*; virulence factor
Important for adhesion
filamentous hemagglutinin and pertactin
97
# *B. pertussis*; virulence factor
Modifies host proteins by ADP ribosyl transferase; stimulate adenylate cyclase
Pertussi toxin (exotoxin)
98
# *B. pertussis*; virulence factor
Inhibit epithelial cells and immun effector cells
Adenylate cyclase toxin
99
# *B. pertussis*; virulence factor
Desctrution of cilia & promote ciliostasis
tracheal cytotoxin
100
DOC for *B. pertussis*
Erythromycin
101
# *Bordetella spp.*
Similar to *B. pertussis*; causes a less severe respiratory tract infection
*B. parapertussis*
102
Virulence factor of *B. parapertussis*
endotoxin
103
# *Bordetella spp.*
Causes kennel cough among animals
*B. bronchiseptica*
104
# *Bordetella spp.*
Reservoir of *B. bronchiseptica*
dogs & rabbits
105
Appearance of *Bordetella spp.* in Regan Lowe
Mercury drop colonies
106
Incubation time and temperature of *Bordetella spp.*
35C for 7 days
107
# *Bordetella spp.*
* Catalase (+)
* Oxidase(+)
* Nitrate red'n (-)
* Motility (-)
* Urease (-)
*B. pertussis*
| urease (-) !!
108
# *Bordetella spp.*
* Catalase (-)
* Oxidase (-)
* Nitrate red'n (-)
* Motility (-)
* Urease (+); w/in 24 hrs
*B. parapertussis*
| catalase & oxidase (-) !!
109
# *Bordetella spp.*
* Catalase (+)
* Oxidase (+)
* Nitrate red'n (+)
* Motility (+)
* Urease (+); w/in 4 hrs
*B. bronchiseptica*
| motiliy (+) !!
110
# *Bordetella spp.*
* Brown pigment; beta-hemolytic on Bordet Gengou
* No growth on Regan Lowe
* Growth on BAP
* No growth on MAC
*B. parapertussis*
111
# *Bordetella spp.*
* Beta-hemolytic on Bordet Gengou
* No growth on Regan Lowe
* Growth on BAP
* Growth on MAC
*B. bronchiseptica*
