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MT6320 > 02 GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI > Flashcards

02 GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI Flashcards

1
Q

All Vibrio are catalase (+), oxidsae (+), and nitrate reducers except ___

A

V. mtschnikovii

(-) catalase, oxidase, nitrate reduction

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2
Q

Vibrio are gelatinase (+) and fermenters of ___

A

Glucose

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3
Q

Most Vibrio are susceptible to ___

A

O/129

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4
Q

Vibrio is recovered from a wide variety of ___ environments

A

aquatic

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5
Q

Most Vibrio spp. thrive at high salt concentations except ___

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. mimicus

they are non-halophilic

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6
Q

Vibrio thrive in ___ temperatures

A

warmer

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7
Q

Optimum pH of Vibrio growth

A

8.5

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8
Q

Vibrio spp. that will turn MacConkey agar into pink color

A

V. vulnificus

Lactose fermenter

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9
Q

Hemolytic pattern of Vibrio

A

b-hemolytic

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10
Q

Majority of Vibrio spp. produce ___ colonies on MacConkey agar

A

colorless

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11
Q

Vibrio on BAP and CAP are usually medium to large colonies that are smooth, opaque, with ___ hue

A

greenish

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12
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Kommabacillus

A

V. cholerae

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13
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Ogawa, Inaba, Hikojima

A

O1

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14
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh

A

O139

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15
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Harbor cholera toxin gene and associated with sporadic, cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infections

A

O75 & O141

caused epidemic cholera together with O139

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16
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

1961 epidemic, has A & B factors

A

Ogawa

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17
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Caused epidemic in the Gulf coast, has A & C factors

A

Inaba

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18
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Rarest, has A, B, C factors

A

Hikojima

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19
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Caused the first non-O1 producing epidemic

A

O139

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20
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Caused Asiatic/ epidemic cholera

A

O1

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21
Q

V. cholerae virulence factor

Heat labile enterotoxin that stimulat CAMP, causing hypersecretion of electrolytes

A

Choleragen

A subunits & B subunits

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22
Q

Subunit of choleragen

Facilitates entry of A1 subunit

A

A2

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23
Q

Subunit of choleragen

Stimulate adenylase cyclase

A

A

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24
Q

V. cholerae virulence factor

Disrupt the tight junction of epithelium

A

Zona occludens toxin

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25
Q

DOC for Cholera

A
  • Tetracycline (more effective)
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Doxycyline
  • TMP-SXT

Doxycycline shortens the duraction of diarrhea

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26
Q

Vaccine for cholera

A

Vaxchora

1 dose for active immunity; for O1 strain

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27
Q

2 dose-vaccines for cholera for ongoing transmission

A
  • Dukoral
  • Shanchol
  • Euvichol Plus
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28
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Halophilic, nonhemolytic, ferments glucose and surcose, but not lactose, arabinose, salicin, or cellobiose

A

V. alginolyticus

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29
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Not too pathogenic

A

V. alginolyticus

30
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Causes summer diarrhea in Japan

A

V. parahaemolyticus

31
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Positive for Kanagawa phenomenon

A

V. parahaemolyticus

32
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Ferments glucose but not surcose, lactose, salicin, or cellobiose

A

V. parahaemolyticus

33
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

2nd most virulent

A

V. vulnificus

34
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Ferments glucose, salicin, cellobiose, but not sucrose

A

V. vulnificus

35
Q

The Kanagawa phenomenon is tested on which medium?

A

Wagatsuma Agar

high salt & agar conc.

36
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Causes necrotizing fascitis

A

V. vulnificus

37
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Produces deadly cytolysin

A

V. vulnificus

38
Q

Laboratory dx.

Differentiates Vibrio from Plesiomonas

A

Inositol fermentation

Plesiomonas (-)

39
Q

Laboratory dx.

Differentiates Vibrio from Aeromonas

A

String test

Aeromonas (-)

40
Q

Laboratory dx.

Differentiates Vibrio from Enterobacteriaceae

A

Oxidase test

Enterobacteriaceae (-)

41
Q

Ideal transport media for Vibrio

A

Cary-Blair

42
Q

Motility of V. cholerae

A

Darting or shooting star motility

43
Q

All Vibrio are able to grow in __% NaCl

A

1%

44
Q

Laboratory dx.

Reagent for string test

A

0.5% Sodium desoxycholate

45
Q

Laboratory dx.

Tests for the production of indole & nitrate

A

Cholera Red Reaction

uses H2SO4 as indicator

46
Q

Laboratory dx.

Positive result for Wagatsuma Agar

A

Double zone of hemolysis

47
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

ONPG (+)
Lactose fermenter
String test (+)

A

V. vulnificus

48
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Sucrose fermenter
Cholera red rxn. (+)
String test (+)

A

V. cholerae

49
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Blue to green colony on TCBS
Mannitol fermenter
Kanagawa phenomenon (+)

A

V. parahaemolyticus

50
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Sucrose fermenter
String test (+)

A

V. alginolyticus

51
Q

Psychrophilic Aeromonas

A

A. salmonicida

grows at 22C

52
Q

Identify the Aeromonas spp.

Lactose fermenter; causes pediatric diarrhea

A

A. caviae

53
Q

Hemolytic pattern of most Aeromonas

A

b-hemolytic

54
Q

Frequently isolated Aeromonas spp.

A

A. caviae
A. hydrophila

55
Q

Disease caused by Aeromonas

A

Red Leg disease among frogs

56
Q

Both Y. enterocolitica and Aeromonas grow on CIN. How do we differentiate?

A

Oxidase test

Aeromonas (+)
Y. enterocolitica (-)

57
Q

Colony description of Aeromonas in CIN

A

Bull’s eye colonies

58
Q

Most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide

A

C. jejuni

59
Q

C. jejuni plays an important role in the development of what nervous system-related condition?

A

Gillain Barre Syndrome

Leads to the loss of myelin sheath

60
Q

In gram staining Campylobacter, what should replace Safranin O?

A

Carbol Fuchsin

61
Q

Laboratory dx. (give the medium)

Better growth of Campylobacter in dilution

A

Butzler medium

62
Q

Laboratory dx. (give the medium)

Used for food poisoning test associated with Campylobacter

A

Charcoal cefoperazone desoxycholate agar

63
Q

A similar organism to Campylobacter that is oxidase (+) and causes diarrheal disease, bacteremia, endocarditis, and peritonitis

A

Arcobacter butzleri

64
Q

Known to cause gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer

A

H. pylori

65
Q

Gr (-) S-shaped organism that resemble Campylobacter

A

H. pylori

66
Q

Major cause of Type B gastritis and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

A

H. pylori

67
Q

Urease activity of H. pylori

A

Strong urease activity

68
Q

Gold standard for H. pylori dx.

A

Biopsy

69
Q

Specific agar for H. pylori

A

Wilkins Chalgren Agar

70
Q

Identify the non-enteric

Urease (+)
Cephalothin (S)

A

H. pylori

71
Q

Identify the non-enteric

Hippurate hydrolysis (+)
42C (+)
Nalidixic acid (S)

A

C. jejuni subsp. jejuni

72
Q

Identify the non-enteric

15C (+)
25C (+)

A

A. butzleri

MT6320 (10 decks)

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