MT6320 > 02 GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI > Flashcards

02 GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI Flashcards

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1
Q

All Vibrio are catalase (+), oxidsae (+), and nitrate reducers except ___

A

V. mtschnikovii

(-) catalase, oxidase, nitrate reduction

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2
Q

Vibrio are gelatinase (+) and fermenters of ___

A

Glucose

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3
Q

Most Vibrio are susceptible to ___

A

O/129

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4
Q

Vibrio is recovered from a wide variety of ___ environments

A

aquatic

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5
Q

Most Vibrio spp. thrive at high salt concentations except ___

A
  • V. cholerae
  • V. mimicus

they are non-halophilic

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6
Q

Vibrio thrive in ___ temperatures

A

warmer

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7
Q

Optimum pH of Vibrio growth

A

8.5

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8
Q

Vibrio spp. that will turn MacConkey agar into pink color

A

V. vulnificus

Lactose fermenter

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9
Q

Hemolytic pattern of Vibrio

A

b-hemolytic

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10
Q

Majority of Vibrio spp. produce ___ colonies on MacConkey agar

A

colorless

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11
Q

Vibrio on BAP and CAP are usually medium to large colonies that are smooth, opaque, with ___ hue

A

greenish

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12
Q

Identify the Vibrio spp.

Kommabacillus

A

V. cholerae

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13
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Ogawa, Inaba, Hikojima

A

O1

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14
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Epidemic cholera in India and Bangladesh

A

O139

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15
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Harbor cholera toxin gene and associated with sporadic, cholera-like diarrhea and bloodstream infections

A

O75 & O141

caused epidemic cholera together with O139

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16
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

1961 epidemic, has A & B factors

A

Ogawa

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17
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Caused epidemic in the Gulf coast, has A & C factors

A

Inaba

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18
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Rarest, has A, B, C factors

A

Hikojima

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19
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Caused the first non-O1 producing epidemic

A

O139

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20
Q

V. cholerae toxigenic strain

Caused Asiatic/ epidemic cholera

A

O1

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21
Q

V. cholerae virulence factor

Heat labile enterotoxin that stimulat CAMP, causing hypersecretion of electrolytes

A

Choleragen

A subunits & B subunits

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22
Q

Subunit of choleragen

Facilitates entry of A1 subunit

A

A2

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23
Q

Subunit of choleragen

Stimulate adenylase cyclase

A

A

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24
Q

V. cholerae virulence factor

Disrupt the tight junction of epithelium

A

Zona occludens toxin

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25
DOC for Cholera
* Tetracycline (more effective) * Chloramphenicol * Doxycyline * TMP-SXT | Doxycycline shortens the duraction of diarrhea
26
Vaccine for cholera
Vaxchora | 1 dose for active immunity; for O1 strain
27
2 dose-vaccines for cholera for ongoing transmission
* Dukoral * Shanchol * Euvichol Plus
28
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Halophilic, nonhemolytic, ferments glucose and surcose, but not lactose, arabinose, salicin, or cellobiose
*V. alginolyticus*
29
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Not too pathogenic
*V. alginolyticus*
30
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Causes summer diarrhea in Japan
*V. parahaemolyticus*
31
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Positive for Kanagawa phenomenon
*V. parahaemolyticus*
32
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Ferments glucose but not surcose, lactose, salicin, or cellobiose
*V. parahaemolyticus*
33
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* 2nd most virulent
*V. vulnificus*
34
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Ferments glucose, salicin, cellobiose, but not sucrose
*V. vulnificus*
35
The Kanagawa phenomenon is tested on which medium?
Wagatsuma Agar | high salt & agar conc.
36
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Causes necrotizing fascitis
*V. vulnificus*
37
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Produces deadly cytolysin
*V. vulnificus*
38
# Laboratory dx. Differentiates *Vibrio* from *Plesiomonas*
Inositol fermentation | *Plesiomonas* (-)
39
# Laboratory dx. Differentiates *Vibrio* from *Aeromonas*
String test | *Aeromonas* (-)
40
# Laboratory dx. Differentiates *Vibrio* from *Enterobacteriaceae*
Oxidase test | *Enterobacteriaceae* (-)
41
Ideal transport media for *Vibrio*
Cary-Blair
42
Motility of *V. cholerae*
Darting or shooting star motility
43
All *Vibrio* are able to grow in __% NaCl
1%
44
# Laboratory dx. Reagent for string test
0.5% Sodium desoxycholate
45
# Laboratory dx. Tests for the production of indole & nitrate
Cholera Red Reaction | uses H2SO4 as indicator
46
# Laboratory dx. Positive result for Wagatsuma Agar
Double zone of hemolysis
47
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* ONPG (+) Lactose fermenter String test (+)
*V. vulnificus*
48
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Sucrose fermenter Cholera red rxn. (+) String test (+)
*V. cholerae*
49
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Blue to green colony on TCBS Mannitol fermenter Kanagawa phenomenon (+)
*V. parahaemolyticus*
50
# Identify the *Vibrio spp.* Sucrose fermenter String test (+)
*V. alginolyticus*
51
Psychrophilic *Aeromonas*
*A. salmonicida* | grows at 22C
52
# Identify the *Aeromonas spp.* Lactose fermenter; causes pediatric diarrhea
*A. caviae*
53
Hemolytic pattern of most *Aeromonas*
b-hemolytic
54
Frequently isolated *Aeromonas spp.*
*A. caviae* *A. hydrophila*
55
Disease caused by *Aeromonas*
Red Leg disease among frogs
56
Both *Y. enterocolitica* and *Aeromonas* grow on CIN. How do we differentiate?
Oxidase test | *Aeromonas* (+) *Y. enterocolitica* (-)
57
Colony description of *Aeromonas* in CIN
Bull's eye colonies
58
Most common cause of gastroenteritis worldwide
*C. jejuni*
59
*C. jejuni* plays an important role in the development of what nervous system-related condition?
Gillain Barre Syndrome | Leads to the loss of myelin sheath
60
In gram staining *Campylobacter*, what should replace Safranin O?
Carbol Fuchsin
61
# Laboratory dx. (give the medium) Better growth of *Campylobacter* in dilution
Butzler medium
62
# Laboratory dx. (give the medium) Used for food poisoning test associated with *Campylobacter*
Charcoal cefoperazone desoxycholate agar
63
A similar organism to *Campylobacter* that is oxidase (+) and causes diarrheal disease, bacteremia, endocarditis, and peritonitis
*Arcobacter butzleri*
64
Known to cause gastric carcinoma and gastric ulcer
*H. pylori*
65
Gr (-) S-shaped organism that resemble *Campylobacter*
*H. pylori*
66
Major cause of Type B gastritis and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
*H. pylori*
67
Urease activity of *H. pylori*
Strong urease activity
68
Gold standard for *H. pylori* dx.
Biopsy
69
Specific agar for *H. pylori*
Wilkins Chalgren Agar
70
# Identify the non-enteric Urease (+) Cephalothin (S)
*H. pylori*
71
# Identify the non-enteric Hippurate hydrolysis (+) 42C (+) Nalidixic acid (S)
*C. jejuni subsp. jejuni*
72
# Identify the non-enteric 15C (+) 25C (+)
*A. butzleri*

MT6320 (10 decks)

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