03: Haemophilus & Other Fastidious Bacteria 2

Question 1

Identified in 1970s, caused pneumonia among elderly males due to contaminated air conditioning unit

Answer 1

Legionella

Question 2

Catalase and oxidase reaction of Legionella

Answer 2

positive, positive

Question 3

Other pathogens in close association with Legionella

Answer 3

• Naegleria
• Acanthamoeba

Question 4

Legionella

Most spp. produce fluorescence after exposure to ___

Answer 4

UV light (366 nm)

Question 5

Most clinically significant Legionella spp.

Answer 5

L. pneumophila

Question 6

L. pneumophila

More severe clinical manifestation; causes community-acquired pneumonia

Answer 6

Legionnaire’s disease

Question 7

L. pneumophila

Less severe clinical manifestation; non-pneumonic

Answer 7

Pontiac fever

Question 8

Legionella spp.

Causes Pittsburgh pneumonia; partially acid-fast

Answer 8

L. micdadei

Question 9

Legionella spp.

Causes Wiga agent pneumonia

fatal among renal failure px.

Answer 9

L. bozemanii

Question 10

Legionella spp.

Causes pneumonia

Answer 10

L. dumoffi

Question 11

Legionella spp.; lab. dx.

Sputum is treated with ___ to enhance recovery, decontaminate sputum, and inhibit normal flora

Answer 11

KCl + HCl

Question 12

Legionella spp.; lab. dx.

Staining method for L. micdadei

Answer 12

Modified Kinyoun method

partially acid-fast

Question 13

Legionella spp.; lab. dx.

Staining methods used

Answer 13

Silver staining; Giemsa

Question 14

Legionella spp.; lab. dx.

Appearance of Legionella on BCYE with Cysteine

Answer 14

ground glass appearance

Question 15

Legionella spp.; lab. dx.

Fluoresce yellow-green on DFA

Answer 15

• L. pneumophila
• L. micdadei

Question 16

Legionella spp.; lab. dx.

Fluoresce blue-white on DFA

Answer 16

• L. bozemanii
• L. dumophi

Question 17

DOC for Legionella

Answer 17

erythromycin

Question 18

Fastidious organisms that are gram (-), causes subacute bacterial endocarditis, and are transient flora of URT & oral cavity

Answer 18

HACEK group

• Hemophilus
• Aggregatibacter
• Cardiobacterium hominis
• Eikenella corrodens
• Kingella

Question 19

HACEK Group

Oxidase, catalase, indole reaction

Answer 19

• oxidase (+)
• catalase (-)
• indole (-)

Question 20

HACEK Group

Lactose fermenter

Answer 20

Aggregatibacter aprophilus

H. aprophilus

Question 21

HACEK Group

Catalase (+)

Answer 21

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

all other spp. are catalase (-)

Question 22

HACEK Group

Indole (+)

Answer 22

Cardiobacterium hominis

all other spp. are indole (-)

Question 23

HACEK Group

Non-CHO fermenter

Answer 23

Eikenella corrodens

all other spp. are glucose fermenters

Question 24

HACEK Group

Nitrate (-)

Answer 24

Kingella kingae

Question 25

# HACEK Group Oxidase (-)

Answer 25

*Capnocytophaga spp.*

Question 26

# HACEK Group Oxidase positive

Answer 26

* *C. hominis* * *E. corrodens* * *K. kingae*

Question 27

# HACEK group Loves high levels of CO2

Answer 27

*A. aprophilus*

Question 28

# HACEK group Causes endocarditis, head & neck infections

Answer 28

*A. aprophilus*

Question 29

# HACEK group Distinct odor of *A. aprophilus*

Answer 29

grade school paste

Question 30

# HACEK group Does not require X and V

Answer 30

*A. aprophilus*

Question 31

# HACEK group Virulence factor of *A. actinomycetemcomitans*

Answer 31

collagenase & leukotoxin

Question 32

# HACEK group Presence of a star shape (in LPO) with 4-6 points in the center of colonies after 48 hrs

Answer 32

*A. actinomycetemcomitans*

Question 33

# HACEK group Gram stain appearance of *C. hominis*

Answer 33

rosette formation; teadrop (dumbbell/ lollipop) appearance

Question 34

# HACEK group Causes periodontial disease

Answer 34

*E. corrodens*

Question 35

# HACEK group X factor; capnophilic

Answer 35

*E. corrodens*

Question 36

# HACEK group From human bite wounds, causes meningitis and endocarditis

Answer 36

*E. corrodens*

Question 37

# HACEK group Short, plump rods with squared ends

Answer 37

*K. kingae*

Question 38

# HACEK group Hemolytic pattern of *K. kingae* on BAP

Answer 38

B-hemolytic

Question 39

# HACEK group Important pathogen among pediatric population; predilection with bones and joints

Answer 39

*K. kingae*

Question 40

# HACEK group Often mistaken as *N. gonorrhoeae* as it is able to grow on modified Thayer Martin and causes endocarditis

Answer 40

*K. denitrificans*