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csd9615 > 00 - Phonetics for Audiology > Flashcards

00 - Phonetics for Audiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is linguistics?

A

The scientific study of language

Branches include:
pragmatics
semantics
syntax
morphology
phonology
phonetics
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2
Q

What is phonology?

A

The study of systematic organization of speech sounds; a branch of linguistics

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3
Q

What is phonetics?

A

The study of production and perception of speech sounds; a branch of linguistics

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4
Q

What is phonotactics?

A

A branch of phonology; the study of the possible combinations of sounds (phonemes) in a language (i.e. what is/not allowed, or is allowed but doesn’t mean anything)

E.g. Trash = real word, sounds okay
Praff = not a word, sounds okay
Fprafz = not a word, doesn’t sound okay

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5
Q

What does articulatory phonetics deal with?

A

How speech is produced by the speaker

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6
Q

What does “phone” mean?

A

The occurrence of a speech sound

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7
Q

What word means “the smallest unit of speech sound that carries meaning”

A

Phoneme

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8
Q

“Allophone” refers to:

A

variations in phoneme realizations that don’t change the meaning

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9
Q

What are phonemic minimal pairs and give examples

A

A pair of words that differ in meaning on the basis of a single phoneme (the smallest change you can do to change the meaning)

Eg. cat, bat, rat, mat
Eg. see, saw, sue, sew

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10
Q

Why can’t we just “spell it out” (orthography)? Why do we rely on phonemic transcription/International Phonetic Alphabet?

A

Things can be:

  • spelled similarly and sound different (e.g. tough, though, through, trough, thorough…)
  • spelled differently and sound similar (e.g. sew vs so; too vs to vs two; led vs lead…)
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11
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
m

A

Bilabial
Nasal
Unvoiced

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12
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
w

A

Bilabial or Labiovelar
Glide
Unvoiced

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13
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
f

A

Labiodental
Fricative
Unvoiced

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14
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
ð

A

Interdental/Dental
Fricative
Voiced

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15
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
θ

A

Interdental/Dental
Fricative
Unvoiced

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16
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
b

A

Bilabial
Stop
Voiced

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17
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
g

A

Velar
Stop
Voiced

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18
Q

Name the place and manner of articulation, and if it is (un)/voiced:
ŋ

A

Velar
Nasal
Voiced

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19
Q

Name whether the following is front/back and high/low:

i

A

Front High

20
Q

Name whether the following is front/back and high/low:

ɑ

A

Back Low

21
Q

Name whether the following is front/back and high/low:

u

A

Back High

22
Q

Name whether the following is front/back and high/low:

æ

A

Front Low

23
Q

What 3 things do we use to describe consonant speech sounds?

A
  • place of articulation
  • manner of articulation
  • voicing
24
Q

What 3 things do we use to describe vowel speech sounds?

A
  • height
  • backness
  • rounding
25
Q

Which involve a constriction in the vocal tract: consonants or vowels?

A

Consonants

26
Q

Where is the alveolar ridge located?

A

Behind the teeth

27
Q

Where is the “lingual alveolar” region of your mouth?

A

Behind the palates

28
Q

Describe “stops” and give an example

A

Complete closure followed by release (e.g. p, b, t, d, k, g, ʔ)

29
Q

Describe “fricatives” and give an example

A

Small opening allowing air to pass with friction; escaping air is turbulent and produces FRICTION-like sound (e.g. f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ, ʒ, h,)

30
Q

Describe “affricates” and give an example

A

Sequence of a stop immediately followed by a fricative (e.g. tʃ, dʒ)

31
Q

Describe “nasals” and give an example

A

Stops with velar lowering, allowing air to escape through nasal cavity (e.g. m, n, ŋ)

32
Q

Describe “approximants” and give an example

A

Greater opening than other consonants, but not as open as vowels; no friction; always voiced
E.g. “liquids”: l, r
“glides”: j, w

33
Q

What determines “voicing”?

A

The state of the glottis: voiced = vocal folds are close and vibrating; voiceless = vocal folds are open

34
Q

Obstruents are sounds that can be voiced or voiceless, whereas sonorants can only be voiced. Name one of each based on their manner of articulation

A

Obstruents: stops, fricatives, affricates

Sonorants: nasals, approximants

35
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /i/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Beet

36
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /e/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Bait

37
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /u/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Boot

38
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /I/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Bit

39
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /ɛ/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Bet

40
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /ae/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Bat

41
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /ɔ/ & /ɑ/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Bought

42
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /o/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Boat

43
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /ʊ/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

Book

44
Q

Which of the following anchor words has the vowel symbol /ə/ & /ʌ/:

beet, bit, bait, bet, bat, but, boot, book, boat, bought

A

But

45
Q

What is a diphthong?

A

Two sequenced vowel sounds

46
Q

Name 2 of the 4 rounded vowels

A

High Back: u, ʊ

Mid Back: o, ɔ

csd9615 (22 decks)

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