𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒔𝒔𝒖𝒔𝒄𝒆𝒑𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 Flashcards
What is intussusception?
A process where a segment of intestine invaginates into the adjoining intestinal lumen causing obstruction
What is the epidemiology of intussusception in terms of incidence?
1 case per 2000 live births
What is the male to female ratio in intussusception cases?
3:1
What age range is intussusception most common in?
2 months to 2 years of age
What percentage of abdominal emergencies does intussusception account for?
25% of abdominal emergencies
What are the two main types of intussusception?
Idiopathic intussusception at ileo-colic junction and enteroenteral intussusception
What happens to venous drainage when pressure increases within the intestinal wall?
Venous drainage becomes impaired, leading to inhibited arterial inflow
What is the classical triad of symptoms in intussusception?
Vomiting, abdominal pain (intermittent, colicky/severe), and red-currant bloody stool
What type of mass might be palpable on physical examination?
Right hypochondriac sausage-shaped mass
What is the Dance sign in intussusception?
Emptiness in right lower quadrant
What is typically the first sign of intussusception in stool?
Occult blood in stool
What imaging studies are used to diagnose intussusception?
Ultrasound, abdominal X-ray, CT/MRI, and contrast enema
What key finding is seen on abdominal X-ray in intussusception?
Air in right lower & upper quadrant
What medical conditions are associated with intussusception?
Henoch-Schonlein purpura, cystic fibrosis, metabolic dyscrasia
What happens if the mesentery of intussusception is laxed?
Progression is rapid and can proceed to sigmoid & even prolapse out of anus
What are the initial management steps for intussusception?
Start with resuscitation and nasogastric decompression
What is the first-line non-operative treatment?
Resuscitation and nasogastric decompression
What additional symptoms might be present besides the classical triad?
Lethargy and palpable abdominal mass (sausage-shaped)
What is the appearance of the patient on physical examination?
May be pale, diaphoretic
What type of pain pattern is characteristic of intussusception?
Intermittent, colicky/severe abdominal pain
