נוירולוגיה Flashcards
What define simple fabrile seizure?
4 criteria
- time < 15 min
- 1 episode in 24h
- generlazied sezuire
- normal neurologic exam- w/o focal findings
- no Tx needed
Tx for complex febrile siezure?
hospitalization + EEG, neurologic consulation and consider brain imgaing (mainly MRI)
Is focal seizure during fever is consider simple or complex febrile seizure?
Complex
Status Epilepticus
seizure > 30 min / w/o returning to concsious btwn episodes
סיכון להישנות וסיכון לאפילפסיה אחרי פרכוס חום פשוט
- אפילפסיה- 1% כמו באוכ’ הכללית
- סיכון להישנות - 30-50%
what are the 3 major risk factors for reccurent of febrile seizures?
- age < 1 yr
- less then 24h since febrile ilness
- low fever ~39
Which electrolyte abnormality is incorrelation with reccurency of fabrile siezures?
Hyponathermia during siezure
What is the most significant risk factor for future epilepsy?
neuro-development abnormality 33%
just think about autisim
Tx for kids with focal seizures?
Carbamazepine (tegretol)
Seizure with low conciussnes level + staring and automatism is most likely +++++++++ ______________ seziure
complex partial = פוקלי עם פגיעה בהכרה
Typical EEG finding of Absance ?
3-Hz spike-and-wave
Tx for absance ?
Etoxosumide
if tonic clonic- velporate
most will resolve in early adulthood
A parent come with a 5 year old bot who woke up at night with
ריור ותנועות ביד עם קושי בדיבור
מה האבחנה הכי סבירה? ומה הטיפול
ומה הפרונגנוזה
Roland epilapsy = simple focal
Tx- Carbamazepine
if few events- Tx not require
age group- 3-10
mainly resolve in adulthood
all of the following are triggers for which type of epilepsy?
alcohol
Sleep deprivation
Flickering light
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Tx for Juvenile myoclonic seziures?
1st line- Valporic acid
if childberaing potentioal- Lamotrgins or levetiracem
lifelong therpy this condition tends not to resolve
EEG finding of Juvenile Myoclonic epilepsy?
polyspikes brought with photic stimulation
ילד בן 15 מתייצג עם תנועות ג’רקיות בבוקר וקלאמזיות .
ב-EEG תחת ריצודי אורות נצפו גלים בתדירות 4-6 הרץ
מהי האפילפסיה הסבירה?
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
A kid age 3 represent with neurodevelopment delay and 2 types of seizures.
on EEG theres a slow spike wave
what is the most likely underline cause?
Lennox gastu syndrome
which syndrome is a/w
* Infantile spasm
* hypsarrythmia
* nerodevelopment delay
West syndrome
if a baby (most under 1 yrs old) present with infantile spasm.
which test must be done in order to rule out which type of situation?
MRI
rule out Tuberous sclerosis
Tx for infantile spasm?
ACTH
unless its Tubreous sclerosis»_space; Vigabatrin
איזו תסמונת מתייצגת עם התפתחות שפתית תקינה עד גיל 3-7 ואז רגרסיה ללא פגיעה ביכולת החברתיות
EEG- status epilepticus stractue in non-REM sleep
Landau Kleffner syndrome
Tx for Status epilepticus
first line + first recurrence
2nd line
3rd line
- ** first line + first recurrence-** Benzodiasepins
- 2nd line- phentoin / velporate / labitaracem
- 3rd line- sedation and vantilation
Tx options for migrane ppx?
- CCB
- propronelol
- amitriplyine
- anti-epileptic medications
Cyclic vomiting syndrome is a/w with risk for developing which type of condition?
Migranse
- A kid present with 8 cafe-lu eit lesions and frakels around axilla area.
- on eye exmination the kids have 3 hemratomoas around the iris
which syndrome is the most possible cause?
NF 1
AD
What are clinical findings needed for Dgx of NF1
7 criteria
clinical 2 of the following
1. cafe aulei spots > 6
2. frakels in axilla and groin (80% until < 6 age)
3. Lisch nodules- > 2 in iris
4. Neurofibromas- > 2, or one flexiform type.
5. bone abnormality- thin cortex of the bones or sphenoidal dysplasia.
6. Optic gliomas
7. 1st dagree relative with dgx of NF1
Complications of NF1
Wilms tumor
HTN
Renal artery stnosis
pheochromocytoma
Most common cause of death in NF1 pt?
malignancy
תוחלת חיים 15 שנה פחות
a kid present with hypopigmentation lesions and apple like lesion in lumbosacral resions. which hear condition is most likley can be seen in this syndrome?
Rhabdomyomas
Tuberous sclerosis
