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USMLE microbiology > zoonotic infections > Flashcards

zoonotic infections Flashcards

1
Q

what antibiotic is usually used for all zoonotic infections ?

A

doxycycline

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2
Q

what is the cause of cat scratch fever ?

A

bartonella henselae

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3
Q

what is the presentation of cat scratch fever ?

A

usually happens in children and about a week later they exhibit tender lymphadenopathy proximal to the site of the scratch

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4
Q

what rare complication is associated with cat scratch fever and AIDS patients ?

A

bacillary angiomatosis
which is often mistaken for kaposi sarcoma

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5
Q

what is kaposi sarcoma caused by ?

A

angioproliferation due to HHV-8

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6
Q

what are the key differences between kaposi sarcoma and bacillary angiomatosis ?

A

kaposi sarcoma on biopsy shows lymphocytes
BA shows neutrophils

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7
Q

how can you get brucella and what type of patients get brucellosis ?

A

lives in cows and goats , get it from consuming unpasteurized milk and cheese
classic patient : worker in meat packing plant

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8
Q

what is the presentation of brucellosis ?

A

flu like illness
high fever that rises and falls
profuse sweating

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9
Q

what is the microbe that causes parrot fever ?

A

chlamydophila psittaci
psittacosis

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10
Q

how does parrot fever happen and who are the classic patients ?

A

happens by the inhalation of dried parrot feces
classic patients : parrot pet owner or pet store employee

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11
Q

what is the presentation of parrot fever ?

A

fever headache and a dry cough

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12
Q

what is the cause of q fever and how is it transmitted ?

A

coxiella burnetti
forms spores that get inhaled

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13
Q

where is the highest concentration of coxiella burnetti spores found ?

A

in placenta of infected animals

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14
Q

what is the presentation of coxiella and how is it diagnosed ?

A

pneumonia with flu symptoms
endocarditis

diagnosis : serology

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15
Q

what are the causes of culture negative endocarditis ?

A

evidence of endocarditis with sterile blood culture
cause by :
coxiella brunetti
bartonella

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16
Q

what is the cause of rabbit fever , and what are the reservoirs ?

A

francisella tularensis
ticks deer flies and rabbits

17
Q

who is the classic patient associated with francisella infection ?

A

rabbit hunters

18
Q

what is the most common form of rabbit fever ?

A

ulceroglandular tularemia
fever chills and malaise
skin ulcer at site of bite
swollen painful lymph nodes

19
Q

what is the treatment of rabbit fever ?

A

streptomycin or doxycycline

20
Q

where is pasteurella found ?

A

lives in the mouths of cats and dogs

21
Q

what are the infections caused by pasteurella ?

A

cellulitis
osteomyelitis

22
Q

what is the cause of leptospirosis ?

A

leprtospira interrogans
lives in rodents and is transmitted through their urine which infects water bodies

23
Q

who is the classic patient associated with leptospirosis ?

A

classic case of a surfer or swimmer in the tropics

24
Q

what illness is transported through the lone star tick ?

A

ehrlichia

25
Q

what is the principle reservoir for ehrlichia ?

A

white tail deer

26
Q

what is seen on blood smear in ehrlichia ?

A

these are obligate intracellular bacteria
berry like inclusions in monocytes morulae

27
Q

what are the symptoms of ehrlichia ?

A

flu like illness
leukopenia
thrombocytopenia

28
Q

what stain is used for intracellular bacteria ?

A

giemsa stain

29
Q

what bacteria is v similar to ehrlichia and what are the key distinctions ?

A

Anapalsma
morula seen in granulocytes and not monocytes
the tick vector is ixodes scapularis and not lone star tick

30
Q

what diseases have the vector ixodes scapularis ?

A

lyme disease
babesiosis
anaplasma

31
Q

what is the cause of lyme disease and what is the reservoir?

A

borrelia burgdorferi
caused by tick bite of ixodes scapularis and the reservoir is mice

32
Q

what is the difference between rickettsia and chlamydia ?

A

both obligate intracellular bacteria
use host ATP
Chlamydia cannot make ATP
Rickettsi can make some ATP

33
Q

how is chlamydia vs rickettsia transmitted ?

A

chlamydia - person to person
rickettsia - tick or insect borne illness

34
Q
A

USMLE microbiology (14 decks)

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