Zia-ul-Haq’s domestic policies between 1977 & 1988. Flashcards
What was the Majlis-e-Shoora, and when was it introduced?
The Majlis-e-Shoora, formed in 1980, was an advisory council for the President, replacing the Parliament.
Who comprised the Majlis-e-Shoora?
It included intellectuals, Ulemas, journalists, economists, and other professionals, all nominated by the President
What was the purpose of the 1984 referendum held by General Zia?
The purpose of the 1984 referendum held by General Zia was that the referendum asked whether people wanted Sharia law, which indirectly confirmed Zia as President.
What was the reported outcome of the 1984 referendum?
Official results showed over 95% in favor, but the referendum faced allegations of irregularities
What was the Eighth Amendment, and why was it significant?
The Eighth Amendment, passed in 1985, granted the President powers to dissolve the National Assembly under Article 58-2(b).
What type of elections were held in February 1985, and who became Prime Minister afterward?
Non-party elections were held in February 1985, resulting in Muhammad Khan Junejo becoming Prime Minister.
How did Zia’s policies affect Pakistan’s economy between 1977 and 1988?
Zia’s policies affected Pakistan’s economy between 1977 and 1988 as he reversed Bhutto’s nationalization policies, promoting private-sector growth and industrialization.
What was the economic growth rate under Zia, and what were the main industries affected?
The average GNP growth was 6.2% per year, with significant growth in agriculture and manufacturing sectors.
What issues arose despite economic growth during Zia’s era?
Inflation, frequent power failures, and loss of skilled workers to other countries were key issues.
What was the agricultural growth rate in 1977-1988 compared to 1972-1977?
The agricultural growth rate in 1977-1988, rose to 4% compared to 1972-1977 from the previous rate of 2%.
How did cotton and wheat production change under Zia?
Cotton production increased to 1.3 million tons by 1985-87, and wheat production rose to 13 million tons by 1986-88.
How did Pakistan’s role in the Afghan Jihad benefit the country?
Pakistan’s role in the Afghan Jihad benefitted the country as Pakistan received significant aid from the U.S., and Zia gained international support and economic aid.
What key event in 1986 strengthened the Mujahideen’s position in Afghanistan?
In 1986, The supply of Stinger missiles to the Mujahideen helped combat Soviet air superiority.
What was the Ojhri Camp Incident, and when did it occur?
It was a military depot explosion on April 10, 1988, in Rawalpindi, causing widespread destruction and casualties.
What was suspected as the cause of the Ojhri Camp explosion?
The pro-Soviet regime in Kabul was suspected of orchestrating the incident.
