Zen Buddhism Flashcards
Ch’an
The Chinese precursor to Zen Buddhism, developed in China around the 6th century CE. It emphasizes meditation (dhyana) and the direct experience of enlightenment, de-emphasizing scriptures and rituals. It was later transmitted to Japan, where it became Zen
Bodhidharma
A semi-legendary Indian monk traditionally considered the founder of Ch’an (Zen) Buddhism in China in the 6th century CE. Known for his emphasis on meditation practice and the doctrine of “no-mind,” he is often depicted as a fierce and determined figure
Zazen
Means “seated meditation,” is the central practice of Zen Buddhism. It involves sitting in a specific posture, focusing on the breath, and allowing thoughts to pass without attachment. It is not merely meditation by a state of being, embodying the essence of Zen
Just Sit (Shikantaza)
A form of zazen in Soto Zen Buddhism that involves sitting with full awareness and presence without any specific object of meditation or goal. It is an expression of pure being in the present moment
Monkey Mind
A metaphor for the restless, agitated state of mind that jumps from one thought to another, much like a monkey swinging from branch to branch. It refers to the distracted state that practitioners seek to calm through meditation
Kyosaku Stick
A flat wooden stick used in Zen meditation halls (zendo) by the meditation leader to deliver a quick, gentle strike on the shoulders of practitioners. It is used to alleviate drowsiness, restore focus, and invigorate energy during long periods of zazen
Zendo
A Zen meditation hall where practitioners gather to perform zazen, chanting, and other communal practices. It is designed to create a tranquil environment conducive to meditation and self-discovery
Satori
A Japanese term for sudden enlightenment or a profound experience of insight into the true nature of reality. It is a temporary awakening, often arising unexpectedly and transforming one’s understanding of existence
Spontaneity (in Zen)
Refers to the ability to act in a natural, effortless, and authentic way, free from preconceived ideas or attachments. It is a state where one’s actions arise directly from the present moment, in harmony with the flow of reality
Emptiness (Shunyata)
A central concept in Mahayana and Zen Buddhism. It refers to the absence of inherent, independent existence in all things. Everything is empty of a permanent essence and is interconnected with all other things
Koans
Paradoxical questions or statements used in Zen practice to provoke deep thought and test a student’s understanding. They are designed to go beyond rational thought and lead to direct insight. Famous examples include “What is the sound of one hand clapping?”
Buddha Nature
The inherent potential for enlightenment present in all beings. It represents the true, pure essence of all living things, unclouded by ignorance and illusion
Thich Nhat Hanh
A Vietnamese Zen Buddhist monk, teacher, and peace activist known for his teachings on mindfulness, compassion, and engaged Buddhism. He founded the Plum Village tradition and is the author of numerous books on meditation and living mindfully
Jack Kerouac
An American novelist and poet associated with the Beat Generation. His book “The Dharma Bums” popularized Zen Buddhism in the West, describing his experiences with Zen practice and philosophy
