Hinduism Beliefs and Concepts

Question 1

Brahman

Answer 1

The ultimate, unchanging reality, composed of pure being and consciousness, and is the source of all existence in Hindu philosophy. It is formless, infinite, and transcendent, yet immanent in the universe

Question 2

Atman

Answer 2

The individual self or soul, which is believed to be identical with Brahman in its true nature. It is essential essence that resides within every living being, beyond the physical body and mind

Question 3

Karma

Answer 3

The law of cause and effect in Hinduism, where every action has consequences that shapes an individual’s future, both in this life and in future lives. Good actions lead to positive outcomes, while bad actions lead to negative outcomes

Question 4

Dharma

Answer 4

The principle of cosmic order and righteousness, encompassing duties, laws, and moral obligations that individuals must follow according to their caste, stage of life, and personal circumstances

Question 5

Samsara

Answer 5

Refers to the cycle of birth, death, and rebirth that all beings undergo in Hindu belief. This endless cycle is driven by karma and is considered a state of suffering and ignorance

Question 6

Bhakti

Answer 6

The path to devotion to a personal god or deity, characterized by love, surrender, and worship. It emphasizes a personal relationship with the divine, often through practices like prayer, chanting, and temple ritual

Question 7

Jnana

Answer 7

The path of knowledge and wisdom, focusing on the intellectual and philosophical study of spiritual truths, particularly the realization of the identity of Atman and Brahman

Question 8

Moksha

Answer 8

The liberation from the cycle of samsara and the realization of one’s unity with Brahman. It is the ultimate goal of Hindu spiritual practice, signifying freedom from suffering, ignorance, and the limitations of material existence

Question 9

Avatar

Answer 9

A divine incarnation or manifestation of a deity on Earth, usually to restore dharma and protect the righteous. Vishnu, in particular, is known for his ten of these, including Rama and Krishna

Question 10

Cyclical Time

Answer 10

In Hinduism, refers to the concept that time is not linear, but a repeating cycle of creation, preservation, and destruction. This cycle is divided into four ages, with the universe undergoing endless cycles of birth, existence, and dissolution