XXVI. Question (751-800) Flashcards
A term synonymous to anhedral shape of crystals a. xenomorphic b. hypidiomorphic c. subhedral d. b and c e. none of the above
a. xenomorphic
A transcurrent fault always connects two plate boundaries.
True
A type of bonding that the electrons are shared between two or more atoms so that each atom has a stable electronic configuration. a. ionic bonding b. metallic bonding c. covalent bonding d. van der waals bonding
c. covalent bonding
A texture that develops when slow cooling is followed by a rapid cooling. a. oolitic texture b. aphanitic texture c. porphyritic texture d. phaneritic texture
c. porphyritic texture
A topographic position of a tilted ridge where the contours form a roughly parallel set of rounded V shapes. a. terrace b. draw c. valley d. spur
d. spur
A tilted low area, like an inverted spur. Contour lines form a parallel set of rounded “I” shapes. a. terrace b. draw c. valley d. spur
b. draw
A town is situated in a plain underlain by sedimentary rocks. If one goes away from the city either to the east or west, the rocks become older in age. a. The town is underlain by an eroded strike-slip fault b. The town is on an eroded anticline c. The town is on an eroded monocline d. The town is on an eroded syncline e. The town is underlain by an eroded normal fault
b. The town is on an eroded anticline
A thick marine succession partially synonymous to deep-water turbidites a. Molasse b. Flysch c. Contourites d. none of the above
b. Flysch
A term that refers to a particular Earth’s feature in the area or areas of land surface that have relatively homogeneous morphometric properties are called: A) Landform; B) Structure; C) Landscapes; D) Geomorphology
A) Landform
A thin veneer of material at Earth’s surface that supports the growth of plants?
Soil
A topple failure involves a) rocks falling free through the air b) rocks turning end over end c) slabs becoming separated from cliff by tension crack, then tilting and eventually falling forward
c) slabs becoming separated from cliff by tension crack, then tilting and eventually falling forward
A terrain with characteristic relief and drainage arising primarily from a higher degree of rock solubility in natural waters. a. karst b. desert c. dunes d. tundra
a. karst
A tower karst. a. mogote b. kegelkarst c. cockpits d. inselberg
a. mogote
A thematic geochemistry map shows: A. numeric geochemical values B. contoured geochemical values C. electrical properties D. colors or symbols which graphically summarize the information
B. contoured geochemical values
A thrust fault is different from a reverse fault because: A) it is usually smaller and less important; B) It is sometimes a normal fault if it is at an angle of about 45 degrees; C) It is lower-angle, and is the structure that transports its hanging wall block many kilometres; D) It is higher-angle, and is the structure that transports its hanging wall block only a few meters
C) It is lower-angle, and is the structure that transports its hanging wall block many kilometres
A transform fault is: A) A strike-slip fault that forms the boundary between tectonic plates; B) A reverse fault that steepens into a thrust fault; C) A dip-slip fault connecting an anticline with a syncline; D) The rift bounding faults on a mid-ocean ridge
A) A strike-slip fault that forms the boundary between tectonic plates
A tsunami is: A) A part of a fault with a seismic gap; B) A precursor to an earthquake; C) A seismic sea wave; D) A particularly large and destructive earthquake; E) An earthquake with a focal depth exceeding 300 km
C) A seismic sea wave
A transform fault connects two plate boundaries.
True
A term used to describe a mineral that does not vary in color because of certain light-absorbing atoms in color that forms an essential part of its make-up. a. Opaque b. Transparent c. Idiochromatic d. Monochromatic
c. Idiochromatic
A texture consisting of intergrowth of quartz and alkali feldspar wherein the orientation of the quartz grain resemble cuneiform writing. a. Coronas or reaction rims b. Trachytic c. Hylopilitic d. Graphic
d. Graphic
A twin which has an irregular composition surface separating 2 individual crystals. These are defined by a twin center or twin axis. a. Penetration twin b. Contact twin c. Polysynthetic twin d. Cyclical twins
a. Penetration twin
A type of contact twin if the composition surfaces are not parallel to one another. a. Penetration twin b. Contact twin c. Polysynthetic twin d. Cyclical twins
a. Penetration twin
A texture usually restricted to coarser grained rocks that consists of concentrically banded sphere wherein the bands consist of alternating light colored and dark colored minerals. a. Graphic b. Obicular c. Spherulitic d. Myrmekitic
b. Obicular
A texture wherein microlites of plagioclase are more abundant than groundmass and the groundmass consist of glass which occupies the tiny interstices between plagioclase grains. a. Hylopilitic b. Hyalo-ophitic c. Trachytic d. Subophitic
a. Hylopilitic
A touchtone is a kind of: a. Streak plate b. Litmus c. Scratch tester d. Hardness gauge
c. Scratch tester
A type of fault where the hanging wall moves down with respect to the footwall, resulting in horizontal extension. a. Normal b. Reverse c. Thrust d. Transform
a. Normal
A vast, saucer-shaped intrusion with a depressed central region with a dike or funnel shaped body below. a. Lacolith b. Lopolith c. Phacolith d. Bysmalith
b. Lopolith
A unit of measurement being used in magnetics is: a. Milligal b. Km/sec c. Ohm-m d. Tesla e. Mho/m
d. Tesla
A type of kuroko ore characterized by concentrations of sphalerite and galena, usually much finer-grained than the minerals of a typical kuroko-type of ore. a. black ore b. epithermal deposits c. besshi d. a and b e. none of the above
a. black ore
A type of quartz which includes brilliant scales of colored minerals such as hematite or chromium mica: a. Tiger’s eye b. Quartz cat’s eye c. Rutilated quartz d. Aventurine quartz e. None of the above
d. Aventurine quartz
A typical chert can be produced by the lithification of: a. deep-sea calcareous oozes b. the remains of diatoms and radiolarans c. the weathering products of pre-existing igneous rocks d. fine-grained sediments like silts and clays e. a mix of many kinds of non-silicate minerals
b. the remains of diatoms and radiolarans
A typical example of a sedimentary rock formed from the margins of marine organisms is a. andesite b. shale c. limestone d. conglomerate e. coal
c. limestone
A typical example of a sedimentary rock that normally contains no minerals is a. andesite b. shale c. limestone d. conglomerate e. coal
b. shale
A type of structural study that focuses on the processes on the atomic scale to grain scale. This includes the study of fractures and flows of rock. a. Kinematic analysis b. Dynamic analysis c. Strain analysis d. Mechanical analysis e. Tectonic analysis
d. Mechanical analysis
A type of surface wave traveling horizontally, and moves the ground from side-to-side a. P-wave b. S-wave c. Rayleigh wave d. Love wave
d. Love wave
A vertical outcrop measuring 30 meters (m) long perpendicular to its strike has a true thickness of o 10 m o 15 m o 30 m o 3 m
o 30 m
A type of sedimentary deposition occurs when material is dissolved in water, and chemically precipitates from the water. a. chemical sedimentation b. clastic sedimentation c. biogenic sedimentation d. diagenesis
a. chemical sedimentation
A type of slide wherein downward rotation of rock or regolith occurs along a curved surface. a. gelifluction b. slump c. rockslides d. creep
b. slump
A typical clastic sedimentary rock would be a. sandstone b. limestone c. granite d. chert
a. sandstone
A typical granite is formed from a magma that in turn is derived from a. melting of pre-existing low-silica rocks b. molten reservoirs of magma deep within the mantle c. melting of pre-existing high-silica rocks d. molten high-silica magma from the outer core
c. melting of pre-existing high-silica rocks
A type of mudflow caused by a volcanic eruption is called a: a. pyroclastic flow b. tsunami c. lahar d. lava bomb e. debris avalanche
c. lahar
A typical rate of sea-floor spreading is a) 1 meter/year b) 4 centimeter/year c) 1 millimeter/year d) 1 kilometer/year
b) 4 centimeter/year
A type of fault where little or no vertical movement and usually resulted from shear stress a. Reverse fault b. Thrust fault c. Normal fault d. Strike-slip fault
d. Strike-slip fault
A typical rate of plate motion is: A) 3-4 meters per year B) 1 km per year C) 1-10 cm per year D) 1,000 km per year
C) 1-10 cm per year
A vent or ground opening from which steam and volcanic gases escape a) volcanic cone b) volcanic dome c) volcanic vent d) fumarole e) volcanic fracture
d. fumarole
A type of fold which result from minute displacement along closely spaced fractures is a. Flexure b. Shear c. Flow d. Refolding e. none of the above
a. Flexure
A type of deformation wherein the material under stress completely returns to its original form and volume upon release of stress is a. Rupture b. Elaso-viscous c. Plastic d. Elastic e. none of the above
d. Elastic
A vent from which volcanic gases and water vapor escape
Fumarole
A type of twin which has a planar composition surface separating 2 individual crystals. These are usually defined by a twin law that expresses a twin plane (i.e. an added mirror plane). a. Penetration twin b. Contact twin c. Polysynthetic twin d. Cyclical twins
b. Contact twin
