XXI. Questions (500-550) Flashcards
A fossil used to accurately establish the relative age of the stratum. a) fossil guide b) key fossil c) basic fossil d) index fossil e) plant fossil
d) index fossil
A fossilized resin from a tree that sometimes contains entrapped and preserved insects. o trace fossil o coprolite o amber o Araldite
o amber
A fracture in rock along which the adjacent rock surfaces are differentially displaced. a) slip b) fault c) dip d) fracture
b) fault
A fracture along which there has been appreciable movement is a: a) joint b) fault c) fissure d) crack
b) fault
A fracture or joint that has been filled with minerals precipitated from hot water solutions (“hydrothermal”). a) brittle fracture b) vein c) shear d) columnar joint e) none of the above
b) vein
A fold with a core of stratigraphically younger rocks. a) homocline b) anticline c) syncline d) inverted fold e) horizontal fold
c) syncline
A fracture along which adjacent blocks of rock moved relative to each other. a) fault b) shear c) fissure d) columnar joint
a) fault
A fold with angles between the fold’s limbs ranging from 120 to 70 degrees. a) Tight fold b) Open fold c) Closed fold d) All of the above
b) Open fold
A fold with angles between the fold’s limbs ranging from 30 to 70 degrees. a) Tight fold b) Open fold c) Closed fold d) All of the above
c) Closed fold
A fracture or crack in bedrock, along which movement has occurred. a) Fault b) Shear c) Joint d) Fracture
a) Fault
A gravity anomaly that takes into account the effect of topography but not isostatic compensation is named after which mathematician? a. Pierre Bouguer b. E. C. Bullerd c. K. O. Emery d. D. H. Tarling
a. Pierre Bouguer
A geologic structure formed when erosion or normal faulting produces a hole in the overthrusted transported body where the underlying un-transported rocks crop out. a. Fenster b. Klippe c. Kenster d. Nappe
a. Fenster
A geologic structure formed when erosion or normal faulting removes connecting portions of the overthrusted transported body resulting in an outlier of exotic, often nearly horizontally translated strata overlying untransported strata. a. Fenster b. Klippe c. Kenster d. Nappe
b. Klippe
A graben is a crustal unit of what type? a. Crustal block is upthrown between two parallel faults b. Crustal block is downthrown between two parallel faults c. When one set of strata ride over another set d. When a sheet of rocks is faulted between faults
b. Crustal block is downthrown between two parallel faults
A green chromian muscovite variety. a. Lepidolite b. Phlogopite c. Fuschite d. Vermiculite e. Stilpnomelane
c. Fuschite
A good antonym for a blind fault is: a. Hinge Fault b. Penecontemporaneous Fault c. Thrust Fault d. Emergent Fault e. Wrench Fault
d. Emergent Fault
A group of several horses is known as: a. Complex b. Suplex c. Duplex d. Apex
c. Duplex
A geothermal reservoir model and an oil reservoir model is almost similar except for: a. Reservoir rock b. Cap rock c. Source rock d. None of the above
c. Source rock
A group of characteristics which reflect a sedimentary environment different from those elsewhere in the same deposit. a. sedimentary facies b. stratification and bedding c. sedimentary deposit d. evaporates deposit
a. sedimentary facies
A gently rolling land surface of low elevation resulting from a long period of denudation is called: a) Flood plain b) Peneplain c) Alluvial fan d) Alluvial terrace
b) Peneplain
A good example of polymorphism in minerals is olivine, in which Fe and Mg substitute freely for one another. a) true b) false
a) true
A glowing avalanche from a volcano contains all but which of the following: a) glowing rock fragments b) cloud of hot gas c) lava
c) lava
A Harker diagram is a binary plot typically showing: a) MgO vs FeO b) Al2O3 vs CaO c) MgO vs NaO d) SiO2 vs FeO
d) SiO2 vs FeO
A gemstone found over a very wide color range, such that single crystals may be multicolored with different optical and electrical properties at opposite ends of the crystal, is likely to be: a. tourmaline b. beryl c. quartz
a. tourmaline
A glacially transported boulder now resting in an area far from its sources is a glacial: a) Kame b) Fiord c) Erratic d) Cirque e) Esker
c) Erratic
A group of closely spaced, distinct, parallel vein structures is called: a) En-enchelon vein b) Linked vein c) Chambered vein d) Dilation e) Sheeted vein
e) Sheeted vein
A group of dikes in radial, parallel or enchelon arrangement is called: a) Dike swarm b) Dike set c) Dike wall d) Dike
a) Dike swarm
A Groundwater Vulnerability Map indicates what impact in land use planning: a) Degraded watershed recharge area b) Subsidence zones due to over-pumping c) Aquifers at risk from surface pollution d) Poor aquifer systems e) All of the above
e) All of the above
A gabbro is the coarse-grained compositional equivalent of a: a) Rhyolite b) Basalt c) Andesite d) Granite e) Peridotite
b) Basalt
A gem and decorative stone that can be found in Ilocos Norte: a) Dasol Jasper Deposit b) Tektite Deposit c) Moss Opal Deposit d) Petrified wood deposit
d) Petrified wood deposit
A high-grade metamorphic rock is one that a. has retained a lot of the character of the original parent material. b. has melted in the course of its formation. c. contains minerals that are economically very valuable. d. has been altered a great deal from the original parent material.
d. has been altered a great deal from the original parent material.
A horizontal entry into an ore body is called a) Adit b) Shaft c) Bench d) Pit
a) Adit
A hypothetical primeval ocean covering two-thirds of the world except for the continent of Pangaea a. Pacific ocean b. Tethys ocean c. Iapetus Ocean d. Panthalassa
d. Panthalassa
A known metamorphic facies belongs to a highest degree of temperature and at low pressure environment. Develop during contact metamorphism. a. Zeolite facies b. Sanidinite facies c. Blueschist facies d. Pyroxenite facies
b. Sanidinite facies
A hotspot is a portion of the Earth’s surface that may be far from tectonic plate margins and volcanism occurs due to a rising: A) Temperature; B) Mantle plume; C) Accretionary wedge; D) Magma from subducted slab
B) Mantle plume
A huge vertical plume of pyroclastic material that erupts from a volcano is called a: A. lateral blast B. pyroclastic flow C. lava fountain D. Plinian column E. cinder cone
D. Plinian column
A hillslope with an angle of 30 degrees is covered with regolith having a density of 2kg/m³. What is the normal stress (in kg/m²) on a plane 3 m below the surface (vertically) and parallel to the surface? a) 2.6 b) 3 c) 4.5 d) 6.5
c) 4.5
A horst is a(n) ________ faulted block, and a graben is a(n) ___________ faulted block. Both are generated by ____________ forces: A) Downward, upward, compressional; B) Upward, downward, tensional; C) Downward, upward, tensional; D) Upward, downward, shearing
B) Upward, downward, tensional
A hot spring that periodically erupts is known as a: A) Mud pot; B) Travertine terrace; C) Geyser; D) Stalactite; E) Cone of ascension
C) Geyser
A hydrothermal system is one in which: A) Saltwater flows into a freshwater zone; B) Artesian wells stop flowing; C) Many sinkholes form; D) The water table does not move or change; E) Groundwater is heated
E) Groundwater is heated
A knifelike ridge separating adjacent cirques or glacial troughs is a(an): A) Horn; B) Pitted outwash plain; C) Arete; D) Medial moraine; E) Firn
C) Arete
A hidden metallic ore may exhibit a) positive gravity and magnetic anomaly b) negative gravity and magnetic anomaly c) positive gravity and negative magnetic anomaly d) Negative gravity and positive magnetic anomaly
a) positive gravity and magnetic anomaly
A homogenous rock may exhibit bedding.
True
A heavy mineral with a high specific gravity and an important source of tungsten is a. Cassiterite b. Pyrochlore c. Wolframite d. Xenotine e. Uraninite
c. Wolframite
A hypothermal deposit that are formed at shallow depth from nearly spent solution a. Hypothermal b. Mesothermal c. Leptothermal d. Epithermal
d. Epithermal
A highly saline solution a. Brine solution b. Chloride c. Bisulfide d. Hypogene mineral
a. Brine solution
A kind of strain which is change in volume. a. Dilation b. Distortion c. Strain d. None of the above
a. Dilation
A kind of strain which is change in form. a. Dilation b. Distortion c. Strain d. None of the above
b. Distortion
A Harker diagram is a binary plot typically showing: a) MgO vs FeO b) Al2O3 vs CaO c) MgO vs NaO d) SiO2 vs FeO
d) SiO2 vs FeO
A gemstone found over a very wide color range, such that single crystals may be multicolored with different optical and electrical properties at opposite ends of the crystal, is likely to be: a) tourmaline b) beryl c) quartz
a) tourmaline
