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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > X Foundations - Chp 12, Asepsis > Flashcards

X Foundations - Chp 12, Asepsis Flashcards

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0
Q

Fomite

A

Inatimate object

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1
Q

EBP

A

Evidence Based Practice

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3
Q

The Body’s Natural Defenses

A 
Tears (eye, lysozymes)
Coughing
Sneezing
Urinating
Intact Skin
Cilia (respiratory system)
Vomiting
Diarhhea
Gastric pH
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4
Q

Virus

A

enters cell and changes DNA to create more virus cells.

Can only live in cells

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5
Q

Bacteria

A

kills nearby cells

3 shapes
Cocci, Round
Bacillus, Oblong
Spirilla, Spiral

flagellum

Can live

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6
Q

Local

A

abcess
wound

Swelling (TUMOR)
Redness (RUBOR)
Heat (CALOR)

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6
Q

Systemic

A

whole immune system is responding

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7
Q

Strep

A

Causes the most disease of any bacteria

Throat, vaginal

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8
Q

Staffolocci (staff)

Grapes , cluster cells

OO
OOOO
OOO
O

A

Skin

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9
Q

Diploccoci

A

Double

OO

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10
Q

Neg Pressure Room

A

Used for airborne illness i.e. TB cause by mycobacterium.

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11
Q

TB

A

Most common airborne bacteria

Mycobacterium

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11
Q

Bacteriostatic

A

Hold bacteria count still

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12
Q

Types of Sterilization

A

R, irradiated
EO, ethylene oxide gas
Autoclave, everything except things that can’t get wet or will melt

P, plasma (very expensive)

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13
Q

How does a virus infect

A

It enters the cell and changes the DNA making cells create more viruses.

Can only live in other cells

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13
Q

Cultures

A

Test for bacteria in the body.

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13
Q

Bacteriocidal

A

Kills bacteria

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13
Q

Disinfection

A

Destroy microorganisms

Alchohol
Iodine
Chlorine bleach

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13
Q

Cleaning

A

Remove visible foreign materials organic in natur

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14
Q

Protozoan

Rickettsial

A

between Virus and Bacteria
have wings and flagellum

Malaria
Amoebic dysentery
Tricomonus
lyme disease
Meningitis
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15
Q

C&S

A

Culture and Sensitivity

Senstivity: test for which substance kill bacteria most effectively. Largest surrounding circle indicates best response.

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15
Q

Sterilization

A

Kills microorganisms and spores

Irradiation
EOG ethylene oxide gas
Autoclave

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16
Q

O&P

A

Ova and Parasite test

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16
Q

Iodine swabs

A

Bacteriostatic . Doesn’t clean everything

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17
Q

Afebrile

A

fever free (24 hr fever free)

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18
Q

Antigen

A

any foreign protein that triggers immune system response. i.e. pollen, virus BAD

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21
Q

Mortality

A

Death

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21
Q

Morbidity

A

Sickness

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22
Q

MMW

A

Mortality & Morbidity Weekly

22
Q

Exogenous

A

microorganizm came from outside of you

23
Q

Blood borne Pathogens

A

HepB
HepC
HIV

24
Q

Standard Precautions

A

Wash Hands
Gloves
Mask/eye/face shield

25
Q

Stages of Infection

A

INCUBATION: time of infection to first sign of symptoms
PRODROMAL: onset of vague symptoms
ILLNESS: Overt signs and symptoms
CONVALESCENCE: recovering

26
Q

Cohorting

A

Deciding who gets into the room. i.e. matching pneumonia patient with chemo patient. not a good idea.

27
Q

Antibody

A

body makes in response to exposure GOOD

it indicates level of exposure of infections

28
Q

AFB

A

Acid Fast Bacteria

If bacteria is stained, acid wont wash off color

29
Q

Virulent

A

An organisms strength in it’s ability to cause disease.

degree of pathogenity

30
Q

Supra Infection

A

An infection on top of another infection

33
Q

Endogenous

A

microorganizm came from inside of you i.e. wiping incorrectly and give yourself ecoli uti. Shingles

33
Q

The Chain of Infection

A

INFECTIOUS AGENT: pathogen
RESERVOIR: fomite, vector, where pathogen can grow
EXIT ROUTE: secretions, feces, blood, urine
METHOD OF TRANS: hands, air, needle, food
ENTRANCE: Mouth, break in skin, mucous membrane
HOST: another person

34
Q

gram -

A

If purple dye does not stain

34
Q

gram +

A

If purple dye stains bacteria

35
Q

Malaria

A

.

38
Q

Medical Asepsis

A

techniques that inhibit growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms.

aka CLEAN Technique

41
Q

nosocomial

A

hospital acquired infection

42
Q

Cortisone

A

steroid dampens immune system

45
Q

Malaria

A

caused by Protozoan

Plasmodium falciparum

46
Q

Tetanus

A

Clostridium Tetani
Rods and spores
Lives for years in soil. Contaminates wounds

47
Q

? Risk factors to diff injections

A

.chart

48
Q

? Reverse Isolation

A

.

50
Q

Aerobic

A

Grow in presence of oxygen

51
Q

Anaerobic

A

Grows without oxygen

52
Q

S with _ over it

A

Without (sans)

53
Q

Enteric bacteria

A

Aerobic and anaerobic. Grow in gut. Show characteristics of both

54
Q

Cx

A

Culture

55
Q

Abx

A

Antibiotics

56
Q

Pan Culture

A

Culture across board

Throat, nasal, blood, U&A, C&S, stool

57
Q

Clostridium Dificile

A

Stool bacteria. Painful

59
Q

Clostridium botulisum

A

Anaerobic - bulging cans

Botulism

60
Q

B hemolytic strep.

0000000000000
O
O
O

A

Worse than regular strep

60
Q

How does a bacteria infect

A

W grow inside , infect tissue, but keeps replicating. WBC come to fight and bacteria gains access to organs and blood

61
Q

Chronic illness

Viruses that live in body

A 
HIV, attack T cells
Hep B & C , attack liver
Varicella zoster
Herpes Simplex
HPV
63
Q

Fungi

A

Most common life form on planet.

Moisture
pH
Temp

64
Q

Helminths

A

WORMS
pinworms
tape worms
round worms

65
Q

a good Vermifuge is

A

Pumpkin seeds. Powerful anti helminths. Anti Worm.

66
Q

Factors Affecting Immunologic
Defense Mechanisms
Box 12-2

A
  • Increasing age and extreme youth
  • Stress
  • Nutritional status
  • Hereditary factors
  • Disease processes
  • Environmental factors
  • Medical therapy
  • Chemotherapy
  • Radiation
  • Lifestyle
  • Occupation
  • Diagnostic procedures
  • Travel history
  • Trauma
67
Q

Inflammatory Response

A

vascular reaction that delivers fluid, blood proudcts, and nutrients to interstitial tissue in area of the injury. Neutralizes and eliminates pathogens to establish a means of repairing body cells and tissue

68
Q

Necrotic Tissue

A

Dead tissue

69
Q

Hand Hygiene Is Essential

Box 12-6

A

• When hands are visibly soiled
• Before and after caring for a patient
• After contact with organic material, such as feces, wound
drainage, and mucus
• In preparation for an invasive procedure, such as suctioning, catheterization, or injections
• Before changing a dressing or having contact with open
wounds
• Before preparing and administering medications
• After removing disposable gloves or handling contaminated equipment
• Before and after using the toilet
• Before and after eating
• At the beginning and end of the shift

70
Q

Isolation Technique

A

The second tier

categories: airborne, droplet, and contact precautions.

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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