WW2 Flashcards
what is the planned murder of an entire people group
Genocide
What people group did the Ottoman Empire seek to eliminate between 1915 and 1921
Armenia
What organization after WW1 as a place for nations to talk out their differences, could only recommend actions
League of Nations
What was the US plan to lend money to Germany to help it repay its reparations
Dawes Plan
What document was signed by 62 nations declaring that they would not use war as a method of settling disputes
Kellogg-Briand Pact
what was the nickname for the 1930’s in both the US and Europe
Great Depression
What two things did Britain do because of the depression
They raised tariffs and became a socialistic government
What was the line of fornication built by France to protect nation against Germany
Maginot line
What is a single party dictatorship that is highly militaristic, nationalistic, imperialistic, and usually is a racist state
Totalitarian dictatorship
Who was the winner of the Spanish Civil War, Facist Dictator until the 1970’s?
Francisco Franco
Who is the leader of Japan who wanted to extend Japan’s influence in the Pacific?
Emperor Hirohito
Who was the last czar of Russia known as a good dad but bad ruler and military leader
Nicholas the 2
Who was the first president of China in 1911, credited with overthrowing the Manchu government and setting up a republican form of government?
Sun Yat-sen
Who was a crazy corrupt monk who duped the Russian royal family with promises of curing the crowned prince from hemophilia
Rasputin
Who was the leader of Russia’s moderate/republican government for 8 months in 1917
Alexander Kerensky
Who was the first communist dictator of Russia from 1917-1924
Lenin
Who was the communist dictator of USSR from 1924-1953 known for his 5 Year Plans and forced collectivization which killed millions through brute force and famine
Stalin
What was the political party created in opposition to Communism promising to maintain private ownership, but evolving into a dictatorship
Fascism
Who was the fascist dictator of Italy from 1922-1945 nicknamed “Il Duce”
Mussolini
After WWI, how did countries try to maintain peace? Were they successful?
After WWI countries used the lague of nations which failed because the US wasn’t involved and could only recommend action. They created the dawes plan but Germany couldn’t pay back the money. They had the Washington-Naval Conference but they accomplished little there. The Kellogg-Briand Pact was made to outlaw war as a method of settling disputes which had 62 nations sign. But none of this was successful because it led to another world war.
What problems did the US and Britain face during the 1920’s and 1930’s? How did they seek to solve the problems?
Both the US and Britain had a roaring 20’s and great depression because of the excessive spending done by people. During the depression they had 25% unemployment and some cities had 100% so the government trying to solve it became more socialistic and raised tariffs.
Define and give the characteristics of totalitarian dictatorships.
Totalalitarian dictatorships is when there is TOTAL control of people’s thoughts, and lives, enabled through technology. It is a single party dictatorship that is highly militaristic, imperialistic, and usually is a racist state.
Characteristics
Terror-Secret Police
Propoganda
State control of every aspect of life (politics, culture, education, religion, etc)
Goals of State over Individual Rights
Government of FORCE, NOT accountable to the people
What caused the collapse of Czarist Russia?
Nicholas the 1st sweet family man, but harsh rule
‘Bloody Sunday”-peaceful march to ask czar to improve worker’s lives ended with soldiers firing into a unarmed crows
Military failures-Russo-Japenese War
Corruption in governemnt-Rasputin
In 1917 the crown was abdicated
Describe Lenin and Stalin as leaders
Lenin seized power in November 1917-civil war, became dictator
Stalin-replaced Lenin, 5-Year Plan of industry and collectivization of agriculture, government violently forced Communism
5 million died from drought and violence
Purges-800,000 in Communist party killed
What are the differences between Facism and communism?
Communism is government owned and operated while Fascism is business privately owned but controlled by the Government
Communism is international, while fascism is Nationalistic
Communism is a dictatorship of proletariat (common workers) Fascism is military/dictatorship
Communism has state eventually withering away while fascism is state glorified
Why did the people of Italy want Mussolini?
Because Mussolini had stability, jobs, new lands
What did Hitler teach in Mein Kampf?
He attacked the Weimar Republic, blamed the Jews, demanded the renunciation of the Treaty of Versailles, proclaimed the “master race” of Ayrans
How did Hitler rise to power?
Because of the weimar republic being weak, germans anger for the war guilt, unemployment and inflation, fear of communism, Hitler’s leadership and propaganda he earned the people’s trust. he was appointed chancellor January 30, 1933. He became dictator when the Reichstag suspended the republic and named him the dictator
Who was the German dictator from 1933-1945 nicknamed “Furher”
Adolf Hitler
Describe Germany under Nazi Rule
Germany had secret police, control over everything you did
Describe Blitzkrieg
lightning war-planes, tanks, light armored with infantry
What were the 2 axis mistakes?
Hitler attacking the USSR
Japan attacking Pearl Harbor
What book did Hitler write to gain popularity for his ideals
Mein Kamf
What were the results of WW2?
USSR took control of East Europe
Germany had to pay reparation, war criminals brought to trial, all German forces disarmed and disbanded, Germany divided into Zones of Occupation
What was the name for Germany’s government after WW1
Weimer Republic
What was the purpose of the UN and how did it fulfill those?
The purpose of the United Nations was to keep peace, it uses its own army, a cooperation forum, social programs
What was the name of the alliance formed by Germany, Italy, and Japan
Axis Powers
What is the policy of giving in a little to prevent conflict
Appeasement
What were the three areas the European powers gave to Germany in the name of appeasement
Austria, Sudetenland, and Czechoslovakia
Who was the prime minister who followed the appeasement policy
Chamberlain
What event was the spark which began WW2
Hitler invaded Poland
When did Hitler invaded Poland
September 1, 1939
What is the German term meaning “Lightning war”
Blitzkrieg
Who was the leader of the french “resistance” government
Gaulle
What was the name for the French “puppet” government led by Petain
Vichy-Hemi Petain
Who was the prime minister of Britain during WW2 who promised to never surrender to Germany
Churchill
Who helped both Britain and the USSR against Germany with “loaned” equipment
US
Who was the last czar of Russia, known as a good dad, but bad ruler, and military leader?
Nicholas the 2nd
What 2 mistakes did Germany and Japan make in 1941
Hitler attacked the USSR; Japan attacked the Pearl Harbor
Who was the leader of the US forces in North Africa and then Europe during WW2
Eisenhower
What is the date celebrated as end of the war in Europe
May 8, 1945
Who was the leader of the US forces in the Pacific during WW2
MacArthur
Who was the crazy, corrupt, “monk” who duped the Russian royal family with promises of curing the crowned prince from hemophilia?
Rasputin
What was the turning point battle for the war in Pacific
Battle of Midway
Who was the leader of Russia’s moderate/republican government for 8 months in 1917?
Alexander Kerensky
What was the US policy in the Pacific of only taking key islands in the quest to reach the Japanese mainland and force Japan to surrender
Island hoping
Who was the first communist dictator of Russia from 1917-1924?
Lenin
Who was the communist dictator of USSR from 1924-1953, known for his 5-year plan and forced civilization which killed millions through brute force and famine?
Stalin
What was the political party created in opposition to communism, promising to maintain private ownership, but evolving into a dictator?
Fascism
What was the Japan’s ‘‘never surrender’’ pilot who flew planes into Allied ships when they ran out of fuel
Kamikaze pilots
Who was the facist dictator of Italy from 1922-1945 nicknamed “Il Duce”?
Mussolini
Who was the german dictator from 1933-1945 nicknamed “Furher”?
Hitler
What was the first city destroyed by the A-bomb
Hiroshima
What was the book writted by Hilter to gain popularity for his ideals?
Mein Kampt
What is the date of the official end of WW2
September 2, 1945
What was the alliance formed by Germany, Italy, and Japan?
Axis Powers
What is the policy of giving in a little bit to prevent conflict?
appeasement
Who were the “Big 3” at the Yalta Conference
Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin
What were the 3 areas the European powers gave to Germany?
Sudetenland, Austria, Czechoslovakia
Who gained control of Eastern Europe because of WW2
USSR
Who was the prime minister of Britain who followed the policy of appeasement?
Chamberlain
the magnitude of the Holocaust was brought to attention through what trials
Nuremberg trials,
What event was the spark to WW2?
When Hitler invaded Poland
When did Hitler invade Poland?
September 1, 1939
What is the German term meaning lighting war?
blitzkrieg
What is the name for the french “puppetZ” government led by Petain?
Vichy-Henri Petain
What happened to both Germany and Berlin after the war
They divided
Who was the leader of the French “resistance” government?
Charles de Gaulle
Who was the prime minister of Britain during WW2 who promised to never surrender to Germany?
Churchill
Who helped both Briatin and the USSR against Germany and “Loaned” equipment?
US
What 2 mistakes did Germany and Japan make?
Germany invading USSR
Japan bombing the US
Who was the leader of the US forces in North Africa and then Europe during WW2?
General Eisenhower
What was the date celebrated as end of the war in Europe?
May 8, 1945
What happened to India and Egypt after the war
They became independent
What were the 2 world super powers after the war
the US and USSR
