Chapter 12 and 13 Test Flashcards
What is East Africa’s trade language?
Swahili
What are the top 2 commodities the Western African Empires traded?
Gold and salt
Who was the great leader of the Mali kingdom, known for his wealth generosity, and encouragement of education?
Mansa Musa
What is the kingdom in the African interior known for its Bronze sculptures?
Forest Kingdom/ Benin
What were the 2 religions which fight for control of North India?
Muslim v. Hindu
Who was the leader of the Mongol empire, the “Universal Ruler”?
Genghis Khan
Who was the leader of the Yuan Dynasty in China?
Kublai Khan
What was the name of the Mongols in Russia?
Golden Horde
Who was the harsh Islamic ruler who attempted to rebuild the Mongol empire in the 1300’s?
Tamerlane
Who was the founder of the Mughal empire in India?
Babur
What did Shah Jahan build, the height of Mughal architecture?
Taj Mahal
What European country took over India in the 1800’a?
Britain
What was the name of the Hindu cult, which emphasizes truthfulness, self-control, purity, and faithfulness?
Sikhism
Who replaces the Yuan Dynasty/Mongols in China?
Ming Dynasty
Who was the great admiral during the Ming Dynasty who established Chinese trade around the Indian Ocean?
Zheng He
What was the most important export of the Ming Dynasty?
Porcelain
What was the purpose of the astrolabe quadrant, and cross-staff?
To find latitude
What was the name of the ships of the Age of Exploration which used rectangle and triangle sails?
Caravel
Which country was the first European to be involved in oceanic exploration?
Portugal
Who built an explorers school to encourage exploration in his nation?
Prince Henry the navigator
Who was the first explorer to make it from Europe to India by going around Africa?
Vasco de Garma
What year did Columbus make it to the West Indies?
1492
What was the name of the pope’s division of the world between spain and Portugal for exploration and colonizing?
Line of Demarcation
Who was given credit for circumnavigating the globe?
Magellan
What was the term for Spanish conquerors?
Conquistadors
Who was the Spaniard who defeated the Aztecs?
Cortes
Who was the Spaniard who defeated the Incas?
Piazzaro
Who was the Spaniard who tried to help the natives and fought to end slavery and forced conversions?
Las Casas
What was the name of the Pope’s document that justified slavery and forced conversions of the natives in the New World?
The Requiermento
What did de Soto and de Coronado conclude about the southern US?
No Gold, No Good
Who founded the city of Montreal?
Cartier
Who founded the city of Quebec, known as the “Father of New France”?
Champlain
Who was the explorer who claimed NY for the Dutch?
Hudson
Who claimed North America for the English in 1497?
Cabot
When was the first permanent English colony established in North America?
1607
What word means the economic philosophy that believes colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country, as a source of raw materials and markets?
mercantilism
What word means the economic philosophy where the goal is to advance wealth, through investments, not just take wealth?
Capitalism
What was the West African kingdom of Mali known for?
Great wealth and scholars
How did the Songhai empire end?
ended by Moroccan forces with muzzle-loading guns
How did the slave trade of the 1500s to 1800s devastate the interior of Africa?
The interior of Africa lost all of the strong men and women
Why are the Muslims and Hindus at odds with one another in India even today?
Monotheism vs Polytheism
Equality of men vs. Caste system
Jihad vs. massacres
What enabled the Mongols to create the largest land empire in history?
Used great speed and terror, destroying whole cities to teach others to surrender
What were a couple of positives of Genghis Khan as a leader?
Established a law code, which allowed missionaries to travel through the empire
How did Kublai Khan, as Genghis Khan’s grandson, also help the Chinese?
built highways and invited foreigners from around the world
What is Tamerlane’s legacy?
harsh and destructive in the name of Islam
How did the Ming Dynasty treat foreigners?
kicked out all foreigners, only had 1 or 2 trading ports open for limited trade
What are a few cultural achievements of the Ming Dynasty?
porcelain, landscape paintings, literature in the vernacular, and the Great Wall rebuilt, made the Forbidden City
What motivated the explorers of the 1400s and 1500s?
God-convert the heathens, Gold-search for new trade routes, Glory-adventure/fame, competition among countries
What were the weaknesses of the Portuguese and Spanish as colonizers? What country succeeded in the long run at being the greatest colonizer? What did they do differently?
Portugal’s weaknesses- spread out, not enough manpower, the cruelty of traders
Spain’s Weaknesses-slavery of Natives, unsubmissive Indians
France, and England succeeded instead of just being in the country to trade the started cities and became friends with the natives
