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PENNY BOOK > WRONG EXAM GYN Qs > Flashcards

WRONG EXAM GYN Qs Flashcards

1
Q

What lab test may be used as a tumor marker for an ovarian dysgerminoma

A

lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)

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2
Q

What is best defined as intermenstrual bleeding

A

metrorrhagia

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3
Q

What best describes the term adnexa

A

located posterior to the broad ligaments and adjacent to the uterus

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4
Q

What is most likely associated with hirsuitism

A

PCOS

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5
Q

What diagnostic test is used to evaluate emitted radiation from the patient to assess the function of organs

A

nuclear medicine

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6
Q

Straight and spiral arteries are branches of the

A

radial artery

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7
Q

What is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity

A

pouch of douglas

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8
Q

The muscles that may be confused with the ovaries on a pelvic exam include

A

piriformis and ilio psoas

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9
Q

Which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium

A

radial arteries

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10
Q

Peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the

A

adnexa

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11
Q

The space of retzius is located between

A

the bladder and pubic bone

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12
Q

The right ovarian artery branches off of the

A

aorta

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13
Q

The pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to teh side walls of the pelvis is the

A

broad ligament

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14
Q

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus

A

ovarian ligament

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15
Q

Pelvic bones will appear

A

hyperechoic

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16
Q

The ligament that houses the vasculature of the uterus is

A

cardinal ligament

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17
Q

Sonographic findings consistent with adenomyosis

A

diffuse enlarged uterus, myometrial cysts and hypoechoic areas adjacent to the endometrium

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18
Q

Largest part of the uterus is the

A

corpus

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19
Q

What is most indicative of a leiomyosarcoma

A

rapid growth

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20
Q

Invasion if endometrial tissue into myometrium is

A

adenomyosis

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21
Q

Pseudoprecocious puberty may be associated with the following

A

ovarian tumor, adrenal tumor and liver tumor

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22
Q

Most superior and widest portion of the uterus

A

fundus

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23
Q

Section of uterus referred to as the lower uterine segment

A

isthmus

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24
Q

Outer layer of the endometrium is the

A

basal layer

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25
Q

Uterine position in which the corpus tilts forward and comes in contact with the cervix

A

anteflexion

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26
Q

The normal position of the uterus is

A

anteverted

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27
Q

An endometrioma most likely appears as a

A

mostly cystic mass with low level echoes

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28
Q

What ovarian tumor is Meigs syndrome associated with

A

fibroma

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29
Q

Most common benign ovarian tumor is the

A

cystic teratoma

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30
Q

Normal ovarian flow is said to be

A

high resistant during menstruation and low at time of ovulation

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31
Q

Tumor of ectopic endometrial tissue

A

endometrioma

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32
Q

What ovarian tumor has a moth eaten appearance

A

Krukenberg tumor

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33
Q

Patient with an ovarian mass has elevated AFP, this is a

A

yolk sac tumor

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34
Q

Ovarian cyst associated with trophoblastic disease is the

A

theca lutein cysts

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35
Q

Short and narrow segment of the fallopian tube distal to interstitial segment is the

A

isthmus

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36
Q

Longest and most tortuous segment of the fallopian tube is the

A

ampulla

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37
Q

Segment of fallopian tube where fertilization typically occurs is the

A

ampulla

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38
Q

What is associated with the whirlpool sign

A

ovarian torsion

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39
Q

What hormone maintains the thickness of the endometrium after ovulation

A

progesterone

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40
Q

What structure may be noted on the ovary just prior to ovulation

A

graafian follicle

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41
Q

When the ovary is in the luteal phase, the endometrium is in the

A

secretory

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42
Q

A change in menstrual bleeding associated with lesions within the uterus relates to

A

AUB

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43
Q

Which hormone maintains the corpus luteum during pregnancy

A

hcG

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44
Q

Sonographic appearance of the endometrium during the secretory phase

A

hyperechoic and thick

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45
Q

What is said to be a common cause of DUB

A

PCOS

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46
Q

When 3 line sign is present, the functional layer of the endometrium appears

A

hypoechoic

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47
Q

First phase of the ovarian cycle is the

A

follicular phase

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48
Q

Frequent regular cycles but less than 21 days apart

A

polymenorrhea

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49
Q

Described as intermenstrual bleeding

A

metrorrhagia

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50
Q

Ectopic endometrial tissue within the uterus that elads to AUB is

A

adenomyosis

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51
Q

Second phase of the endometrium cycle is the

A

secretory phase

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52
Q

The second phase of the ovarian cycle is the

A

luteal phase

53
Q

What is most likely the pulsed doppler characteristics of endometrial cancer

A

low impedance flow

54
Q

What would increase a patient’s likelihood of suffering from thromboembolism

A

ERT

55
Q

Most common cause post menopausal bleeding is

A

endometrial atrophyy

56
Q

What is associated with endometrial hyperplasia

A

tamoxifen therapy, PCOS, ovarian thecoma

57
Q

Gynecologic procedure to remove an endometrial polyp

A

hysteroscopy with polypectomy

58
Q

Stein-Leventhal syndrome is related to

A

infertility, anovulatory cycles and hirsutism

59
Q

Benefits of ERT include

A

reduction in osteoporosis, reduction in colon cancer risk and reduction in heart disease risk

60
Q

Tamoxifen has been linked with

A

endometrial polyps, endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial carcinoma

61
Q

Ovarian tumor that causes post menopausal bleeding

A

thecoma

62
Q

Tamoxifen effects on the endometrium will appear

A

cystic changes within a thickened endometrium

63
Q

Causes of post menopausal bleeding

A

endometrial atrophy, endometrial hyperplasia and intracavity fibroma

64
Q

Asymptomatic 65 year old with pelvic pain but no vaginal bleeding, endo should not exceed

A

8mm

65
Q

84 year old with sudden onset of vaginal bleeding, endo should nto exceed

A

5mm

66
Q

68 year old with vaginal bleeding is most likely caused by

A

endometrial atrophy

67
Q

Clinical findings with endometrial hyperplasia

A

obesity, PCOS and abnormal uterine bleeding

68
Q

34 year old patient with intermenstrual bleeding, sonographic findings include focal irregularities and enlargement of one area of the endometrium

A

endometrial polyps

69
Q

Fever, chills and vaginal discharge, sonographically what will you not encoutner

A

uterine adhesions

70
Q

Most common initial clinical presentation of PID is

A

vaginitis

71
Q

Fits-Hugh-Curtis syndrome could be described as

A

clinical findings of gallbladder disease as result of PID

72
Q

Complaints of infertility and painful menstruation cycles, you discover cystic mass on ovary with low level echoes

A

endometrioma

73
Q

PID can lead to all of the following

A

infertility, ectopic pregnancy and scar formation in the fallopian tubes

74
Q

Sonographic findings of a tubo-ovarian abcess

A

cul de sac fluid, thickened irregular endometrium and fusion of pelvic organs as a conglomerated mass

75
Q

String of pearls is a sign of

A

PCOS

76
Q

Sonographic findings of OHS include

A

cystic enlargement of the ovaries, ascites and pleural effusions

77
Q

What would be described as functional cysts that are found in hte presence of elevated levels of hcG

A

theca lutein cysts

78
Q

What form of permanent birth control would be seen as echogenic linear structures within the lumen of both isthmic portions of the fallopian tubes

A

essure devices

79
Q

The pelvic muscle that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

80
Q

The uterine artery branches off of the

A

internal iliac artery

81
Q

Pseudoprecocious puberty nay be associated with all of the following

A

ovarian tumor, adrenal tumor, liver tumor

82
Q

Clinical findings associated with leiomyoma

A

infertility, palpable pelvic mass, menorrhagia

83
Q

The most distal part of the fallopian tube

A

infundibulim

84
Q

Common cause of DUB

A

PCOS

85
Q

Structure noted within the graafian follicle containing the developing ovum

A

cumulus oophorus

86
Q

Hormone produced by the hypothalamus that controls the release of the hormones for menstruation by the anterior pituitary gland

A

GnRH

87
Q

Hormone produced by the trophoblastic cells of the early placenta

A

hCG

88
Q

Which hormone released by the ovary during the proliferative phase stimulates endometrial thickening

A

estrogen

89
Q

The periovulatory phase may also be referred to as the

A

late proliferative phase

90
Q

During which phase of the endometrial cycle would the endometrium yield the 3 line sign

A

late proliferative

91
Q

Most common form of endometrial carcinoma

A

adenocarcinoma

92
Q

Sonographic appearance of a 59 year old woman on HRT is

A

variable on menstrual cycle

93
Q

What ovarian tumor would be most likely to cause post menopausal bleeding

A

thecoma

94
Q

With endometrial atrophy the endometrial thickness should not exceed

A

5mm

95
Q

Most common female genital tract malignancy

A

endometrial carcinoma

96
Q

31 year old patient with intermenstrual bleeding and infertility. Mass emanating from the myometrium and distorting the endometrial cavity

A

submucosal leiomyoma

97
Q

Risk factors for PID

A

IUD, multiple sex partners and post child birth

98
Q

Functional ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterus is termed

A

endometriosis

99
Q

Infertility is defined as

A

inability to conceive a child after 1 year of unprotected intercourse

100
Q

What is not typically associated with amenorrhea

A

adenomyosis

101
Q

What would be least likely to cause abdominal distention

A

PCOS

102
Q

Fluid noted posterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the

A

pouch of douglas

103
Q

What is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity

A

pouch of douglas

104
Q

The innominate bones of the pelvis consist of the

A

ischium, ilium and pubic bones

105
Q

Peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the

A

adnexa

106
Q

Fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the

A

vesicouterine pouch

107
Q

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the

A

suspensory ligament of the ovary

108
Q

The arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the

A

spiral arteries

109
Q

The pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is the

A

ovarian ligament

110
Q

Prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves the

A

levator ani and coccygeus muscles

111
Q

The invasion of endometrial tissue into the myometrium of the uterus is referred to as

A

adeomyosis

112
Q

The normal position of the uterus is

A

anteverted

113
Q

What ovarian tumor is Meigs syndrome most likely associated

A

fibroma

114
Q

The most common benign ovarian tumor is the

A

cystic teratoma

115
Q

The ovarian cysts that are most often bilateral and are associated with markedly elevated levels of hCG are the

A

theca lutein cysts

116
Q

The malignant ovarian mass that is associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei is the

A

mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

117
Q

Which of the following is an estrogen-producing ovarian tumor

A

thecoma

118
Q

The short and narrow segment of the fallopian tube distal to the interstitial segment is the

A

isthmus

119
Q

When the ovary is in the luteal phase, the endometrium is in the

A

secretory

120
Q

The temporary endocrine gland that results from the rupture of the graafian follicle is the

A

corpus luteum

121
Q

What would not be a cause of AUB

A

ovarian torsion

122
Q

The hormone that surges at ovulation is

A

LH

123
Q

Which hormone released by the ovary during the proliferative phase stimulates endometrial thickening

A

estrogen

124
Q

The corpus luteum primarily releases

A

progesterone

125
Q

Ectopic endometrial tissue within the uterus that leads to AUB is termed

A

adenomyosis

126
Q

The arteries within the functional layer of the endometrium that are altered by the hormones of the ovary and are shed with menstruation are the

A

spiral arteries

127
Q

During which phase of the endometrial cycle would the endometrium yield the three-line sign

A

late proliferative

128
Q

The second phase of the endometrial cycle is the

A

secretory phase

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