Liver Flashcards
The liver is covered by the
Glisson capsule
In early embryonic life, the liver is responsible for
hemopoiesis
The medial segment of the left lobe may also be referred to as the
quadrate lobe
Typical diameter of the MPV
less than mm
Normal flow within the portal veins should be
hepatopetal and monophasic
Portal vein branches into
right portal, left portal
Right portal branches into
anterior and posterior branches
Left portal branches into
medial and lateral branches
Portal veins have _____ wall compared to the hepatic veins
brighter
Right umbilical vein turns into
ligamentum venosum
The left umbilical vein turns into
ligamentum teres/round ligament
Tonguelike extension of the right hepatic lobe
riedel lobe
Hepatomegaly is a liver that measure more than
cm
Findings of diffuse fatty liver disease
diffuse echogenic liver, increased attenuation of the sound beam, wall of the hepatic vasculature and diaphragm will not be easily seen
Findings of focal fatty infiltration
hyperechoic area adjacent to the gallbladder, near the porta hepatis, or part of a lobe may appear echogenic
Findings of focal fatty sparing
Hypoechoic area adjacent to the gallbladder, near the porta hepatis, or part of the lobe, can appear much like pericholecystic fluid when identified adjacent to the gallbladder
Spread by fecak-oral route in contaminated water or food
hep a
Spread by contact with contaminated body fluids, mother to infant or inadvertent blood contact (IV, needles)
hep b
Spread by means of contact with blood and body fluids
hep c
Results from excessive copper accumulation
wilson disease
Results from excessive iron
hemochromatosis
What is the possible pathway of disease
alcoholism, hepatic steatosis (fatty liver), steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, portal vein thrombosis, HCC
When you suspect cirrhosis, always look for signs of
portal hypertension, portal vein thrombosis, HCC
What should you look closely at if you suspect cirrhosis and why
left portal vein for recanalization of the paraumbilical vein
Multiple serpiginous or tortuous vessels in the porta hepatis
cavernous transformation
Occlusion of the hepatic veins and possible IVC
budd-chiari syndrome
Hepatic candidiasis masses can be referred to as
target, halo or bulls eye lesions
Most common benign liver mass and often found in the right hepatic lobe
cavernous hemangioma
Referred to as the stealth lesion
focal nodular hyperplasia
Most common primary form of liver cancer
HCC
What is the tumor marker for HCC
AFP
What is the most common vascular complication of a liver transplant
hepatic artery thrombosis
Most common benign liver childhood tumor
infantile hemangioendothelioma
Most common malignant tumor of childhood
hepatoblastoma
Children with _______ are often screened with sonography in order for early detection of hepatoblastomas
beckwith-weidemann syndrome
an abscess that develops from a parasite that
grows in the colon and invades the liver via the portal vein
amebic hepatic abscess
anastomosis
the surgical connection between two structures
caput medusa
recognizable dilation of the superficial veins of the
abdomen