wrist & hand Flashcards by gabi beselt

joints of wrist & hand

-distal radioulnar
-radiocarpal (wrist)
-midcarpal
-intercarpal
-carpometacarpal
-intermetacarpal
-metacarpophalangeal
-inerphalangeal (proximal, distal, pollex)

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radiocarpal joint - type & movements

synovial, condyloid, diarthrosis, biaxial

flexion, extension, ADD (ulnar deviation), ABD (radial deviation)

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radiocarpal joint - articular surfaces

biconcave distal end of radius & biconvex proximal surfaces of scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum
-disc / triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) separates radiocarpal from radioulnar joint

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radiocarpal joint - ligaments

-fibrous capsule
-ulnar & radial collateral ligaments
-palmar & dorsal radiocarpal ligaments

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triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC)

-binds radius & ulna together
-separates distal radioulnar joint & ulna from radiocarpal joint
-adds stability to wrist & acts as cushion

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radiocarpal joint - loose packed / resting position

neutral with slight ulnar deviation

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radiocarpal joint - close packed position

extension with radial deviation

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radiocarpal joint - capsular pattern of restriction

flexion & extension equally limited

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radiocarpal & intercarpal ROM

flexion: 80-90º
extension: 70-90ª
radial deviation (ABD): 15º
ulnar deviation (ADD): 30-45º

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midcarpal joint - type & movements

synovial, saddle, diarthrosis, biaxial

flexion, extension, ADD (ulnar deviation), ABD (radial deviation)

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midcarpal joint - articular surfaces

proximal row of carpals & distal row of carpals

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midcarpal joint - ligaments

transverse carpal ligament
(flexor retinaculum)

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midcarpal joint - articular surfaces (carpals)

-scaphoid articulates with trapezium, trapezoid, capitate
-lunate articulates with capitate
-triquetrum articulates with hamate

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midcarpal joint - flexion & extension

flexion: 40º
extension: 20º

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midcarpal joint - loose packed / resting position

neutral / slight flexion with ulnar deviation

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midcarpal joint - close packed position

extension with ulnar deviation

midcarpal joint - capsular pattern of restriction

equal limitation of flexion & extension

wrist joints: 3 transverse joints through wrist allow for maximum movement & stability

-radiocarpal
-midcarpal
-carpometacarpal

intercarpal joints - type & movements

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial

slight gliding

intercarpal joints - articular surfaces

between all carpal bones & between proximal (scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum) & distal (trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate) rows of carpals

intercarpal joints - ligaments

-fibrous capsule
-palmar & dorsal interosseous / intercarpal ligament

intercarpal joints - open packed / resting position

neutral / slight flexion

intercarpal joints - close packed position

extension

intercarpal joints - capsular pattern of restriction

NONE

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - type & movements (thumb & fingers)

THUMB (1st digit): synovial, saddle, diarthrosis, triaxial flexion, extension, ADD, ABD, rotation, circumduction (opposition & reposition) FINGERS (2-5 digits): synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial gliding

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - articular surfaces (thumb & fingers)

THUMB (1st digit): convex trapezium with concave first metacarpal FINGERS (2-5 digits): distal surfaces of distal row of carpal bones & bases of metacarpals 2-5

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - ligaments (thumb & fingers)

-fibrous capsule -carpometacarpal -interosseous metacarpal

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - movements (thumb & fingers)

1st cmc (thumb): lots of movement 2nd cmc: minimal movement 3rd cmc: even less (acts as central pillar) 4th cmc: 10-15º dorsovolar movement 5th cmc: 25-30º dorsovolar movement

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - ROM (thumb & fingers)

flexion: 45-50º extension: 0º ABD: 60-70º ADD: 30º opposition: thump tip to head of 5th metacarpal

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - loose packed / resting position (thumb & fingers)

THUMB: midway between ABD & ADD, midway between flexion & extension FINGERS: midway between flexion & extension

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - close packed position (thumb & fingers)

THUMB: full opposition FINGERS: full extension

carpometacarpal (CMC) joints - capsular pattern of restriction (thumb & fingers)

THUMB: ABD, extension FINGERS: equal limitation in ALL directions

intermetacarpal joints - type & movements

synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial gliding

intermetacarpal joints - articular surfaces

adjacent surfaces of bases of metacarpals 2-5

intermetacarpal joints - ligaments

-fibrous capsule -interosseous intermetacarpal ligaments (palmar, dorsal & deep transverse metacarpal ligaments)