World War 1 Flashcards
When was World War I?
It was from 1914 to 1918
Who are the Allied powers?
Britain, France, Italy and Russia
Who were the central powers?
Germany, Austria Hungary and Turkey
What colonies took part of the war?
The colonies of both the Allied powers and the central powers also took part in the war
Why was it not just a European war?
Not to say European war as it was a world war. Many countries and continents were involved
How long did the war last? What did the colonies think was going to happen?
Both sides thought that the war was going to last a few months. It lasted for years and ended in 1918
When did Russia leave the war?
In 1917 Russia left the wall. Rushil was part of the Allied powers
When did the USA enter the war?
USA entered and helped Britain and its allies win the war. This was the alley powers
Which power was defeated during the war?
The central powers were defeated
What did the war cause?
Millions of people died it also caused poverty, suffering, chaos and economic collapse
What are the reasons for World War I?
There were four main long-term causes. This was nationalism, the growth of the industrial economiies, Control of seas, colonisation in empires
What was nationalism?
At the end of the 19th century the European countries were competing to be the richest, most powerful and strongest. The citizens were proud of their countries achievements am prepared to go to war and fight for their country. Pride and devotion to one’s country
What was industrial economies?
British we are proud of their achievements and the power in the wall. The first country to become industrialised in the 19 century. They became rich through manufacturing. Germany had begun to catch up by producing iron steel, coal and cars. At the beginning of the 20th century Britain had no longer be in the lead
Define manufacturing
Making products and raw materials
What was the control of the seas?
Tension had been burning up for many years. The main enemies or a Britain and Germany. To build and keep a big empire they both had to have powerful Navy is. Britain had the strongest navy in the world
What did Britain use their Navy for?
They use the Navy to protect its coastline, it’s large overseas empire and it’s trade route across the road. The challenge British out of the seas, the German Kaiser said he was going to build a great maybe that could rival the British navy. Britain made a formidable new warship called a Dreadnought. It changed and improved their power at sea
What was the Dreadnought warship?
It had an armed deck, with fast firing, heavy guns. Germany responded by trying to build even more superior warships. This was the beginning of the naval race in which both sides tried to build better and bigger warships
What was colonisation an empire?
By taking of a more more land in other parts of the world, the nations of Europe became richer and strengthen their power over one another. The European nations also completed over who had the most colonies. Both Britain and France had huge empires overseas. The German Kaiser was envious and wanted Germany to have a bigger empire
Define Kaiser
The word for a king in Germany
What was the immediate cause of the war?
Assassination of the Archduke of Austria at Sarajevo and there was tension in the Balkans
What are Balkans?
A large Pennisula in southern eastern Europe containing the Balkan mountain range
What were the events in the Balkans that led to the outbreak of World War I?
- The old Turkish or Ottoman empire was collapsing
- Serbia had broken free from Turkish control and had became an independent state
- Austria was concerned about the growing power of Serbia in the Balkans and wanted to take control of Serbia
Define Ottoman Empire
Another name for the country of turkey at the height of its power when it controlled other countries
What did Serbia want to do?
wanted to the united the whole Slav population in the Balkans
Define Slav
A person from eastern Europe who speaks a Slavonic language
Why did Austria want to go to war with Serbia?
Austrians wanted to go to war with Serbia in order to destroy Serbia’s independence
What was Austria waiting for an excuse to attack for?
Austria was waiting for an excuse to attack.
When did the Archduke go to inspect Austrian troops?
On the 28th of June 1914 Archduke Franz Ferdinand went to inspect Austrians troops in Sarajevo in Bosnia. Bosnia was part of the Austrian Empire
Why was the Archduke an unpopular man?
Many Bosnians wanted to break free of the Austrian rule. Many servers were prepared to fight and die to help Bosnia break free from Austria
Who is Gavrilo Princip?
He was a serb who was 19 and had tuberculosis. A member of a military group called the Black hand. The Black hand wanted to remove the Austrians from the Balkans. He believed in the unification of course slav in one state. He was a slave nationalist
What happened on the morning of Sunday, the 28th of June 1914?
France Ferdinand and his wife Sophie arrived in Sarajevo by chain. They were taken by car to the City Hall of the official reception. Part of the six car per session. The top of the car was rolled back. To allow the crowd to see the royal couple. A member of the black can’t do a hand grenade as Archduke’s call. The grenade exploded under the next car. the two occupants were seriously wounded
What did Princip do at the procession?
He attended the procession with the intention of assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand. When the couple left City Hall he was nervously waiting with a gun in his pocket in a street. When they drove past he shot them dead. Fired a few shots
Where was the couple shots?
They were going to the hospital when the Archduke was shot in the neck and Sophie was shot in the stomach and abdomen
What opportunity did Austria see to take Serbia out?
Austrian saw the assassination as a perfect opportunity to destroy Serbia. Countries joined and war spread
What happened when Russia decided to support Serbia?
Russia decided to support Serbia. France formed a military alliance with Russia to fight together on the same side
Define alliance
An agreement to work together for a purpose
Define assassination
Planned murder of a public figure
Who did Germany promised to fight for?
Germany had promised to fight with Austria if war broke out
Why did Germany want to France out of the war as soon as possible?
Germany wanted France out of the wall as soon as possible. So that they could focus on fighting Russia
Where did German troops invade?
German troops invaded Belgium on their way to attack France. Belgium was close to Britain
When did Britain declare war on Germany?
On the 4th of August 1914 Britain declared war on Germany
Define allies
A group that help support and cooperate with one another
Why did Russia with draw from the war?
the Allied powers. By 1917, 2 million Russians were killed. Millions more have died from starvation. Winters were sevre and people froze to death. The leader of Russia was a weak leader and people are unhappy with his role. He was overthrown and the new government with Tsar Nicolas II, was a weak leader and people are unhappy with his role. He was overthrown and the new government withdrew
Define Tsar
The Russian name for the King
What happened at the beginning of the war?
At the beginning of the war thousands of young men lined up at recruiting centres throughout the British Empire. They volunteered to serve their country and across the Germans or evil Hun
Define Hun
And insulting term used by the British for the Germans in World War I
Why did the British Army needed a continuous supply of fresh soldiers?
Millions of men died and we are winded on both sides. The British Army needed a continuous supply of fresh shoulders. Many men died in the first two years. The British government decided in 1916 to introduce conscription
Define conscription
Compulsory military service.
What were the rules of the conscription in Britain?
Who is single men between the ages of 18 and 41 called up military. Unless they were widowed with children, ministers of religion
How many men volunteered to serve in the British Armed Forces?
3 million men volunteered to serve in the British Armed Forces
Define armed forces
The Army, Navy and air force
Why was the enormous pressure from the British government to sign up?
I know most pressure from the British government to sign up because they encourage men. The British government began to use a propaganda campaign
How did the government persuade people? patriotic duty
The government had to persuade people to believe it was part of their patriotic duty
- Fight in World War I
- Be prepared to die or be injured
- Support the war effort on the home front
- Work together to deflect the enemy
Define patriotic duty
Having a love of a country and willingness to sacrifice for it
What is a conscientious objector?
A person who refuses to serve in the Armed Forces on grounds of principles or sense of right and wrong
