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History > Human Rights > Flashcards

Human Rights Flashcards

1
Q

Why did UNO form?

A

Horror of Holocaust and violence

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2
Q

Define UNO

A

United Nations Organisation

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3
Q

What was aim of UNO?

A

Promote a better world - international co-operation

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4
Q

What did UNO want to do?

A

Keep peace between the countries of the world.
Promote human rights.
Improve living conditions of the poorest parts of the world

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5
Q

Who wrote UDHR?

A

UNO set a universal standards for how human being should behave and everyone’s dignity should be respected

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6
Q

Define universal

A

Applies to everyone

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7
Q

Define dignity

A

Being worthy of respect

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8
Q

Why cannot basic right to be taken away?

A

All humans are born equal

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9
Q

What is shown on the emblem of UNO?

A

A map of the world and a wreath of And olive tree branch. It is a symbol of peace

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10
Q

What does the UDHR set?

A

Basic rights for everyone to live free and equal as well as treated with

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11
Q

Why is human rights not earned or bought?

A

One has human rights from birth to death

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12
Q

When was the UDHR accepted at UNO?

A

1948

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13
Q

Who was in power in 1948?

A

The National party was in power

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14
Q

What policy did the National party practice?

A

Practice the policy of racial discrimination which is also known as apartheid

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15
Q

What laws did apartheid ignore?

A

Ignored all rights recognised by the UDHR

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16
Q

What did the South African government refused to sign?

A

Did not sign the UDHR but remained a member of you NO

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17
Q

What did the United Nations declare apartheid as?

A

A crime against humanity

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18
Q

Define apartheid

A

Official government policy that lasted from 1948, when National party came into power, to 1994 when the ANC won the first democratic election in South Africa

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19
Q

What does ANC stand for?

A

African national congress

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20
Q

Define segregation

A

Practice or policy of creating separate facilities within the same society for the use of a Particula group

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21
Q

What was practised by whites for decades?

A

Apartheid

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22
Q

What did the Constitution of union give to the white?

A

Special privileges to the whites

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23
Q

When was the natives land act passed?

A

1913

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24
Q

What was the land act of 1913?

A

The Africans were allowed to own 13% of the land. The rest of the night and was kept for white ownership and occupation

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25
Q

What percentage of the population were white? 

A

20%

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26
Q

What were black reserves?

A

Widely scattered piece of land on the east of the country

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27
Q

How were the Indians and coloured discriminated against?

A

They were also considered non-whites. Therefore they were discriminated against but not as bad as the blacks

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28
Q

Were black South Africans allowed to vote?

A

They were not allowed to vote

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29
Q

How did people in towns and cities separate?

A

People living in the towns and cities had to live in separate suburbs and townships according to skin colour

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30
Q

How long were Africans in the city is allowed to stay?

A

As long as the labour was needed by the whites

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31
Q

What law Control the movement of Africans?

A

Pass laws

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32
Q

What did African men outside the reserves have to carry?

A

Carry passes which allowed them to work and live in the city is

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33
Q

What would happen if a black man was found without a pass?

A

The police would arrest anyone without a pass and they were fined or sent to jail

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34
Q

What did the job colour bar do?

A

Gave white people jobs rather than black people. A white person was paid more money for doing the same job as a black person

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35
Q

When the white only government route South Africa, who had all positions of power?

A

The whites

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36
Q

When did the National party come to an end? 

A

1994

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37
Q

Who does not appreciate what it meant for those to live under apartheid?

A

Born frees

38
Q

Define born frees

A

South Africans born after the end of apartheid, 1994

39
Q

How many laws did the National party pass?

A

148 laws

40
Q

What did the 148 laws aim to do?

A

Increased power and living standards of whites
Increase the separation of races
Control the movement of black people 

41
Q

During Apartheid what happened to the white peoples lives? 

A

White peoples lives generally became better

42
Q

During apartheid what happened to the black peoples lives?

A

Black people experience more and more hardship

43
Q

Who receives the best resources and facilities?

A

White people were reserved the best of all the resources and facilities

44
Q

What did the group areas act of 1950 determine?

A

Where people could live on the basis of the race

45
Q

What set aside certain areas where only whites, college, Indians and Africans were allowed to live?

A

Lines were drawn on town and city maps

46
Q

What would happen to a black person living in a white area?

A

They had to be removed to a new area set aside for black occupation

47
Q

Where were white people allowed to live?

A

The most attractive and valuable part of South Africa

48
Q

In which type of suburbs did the white people live?

A

Suburbs near the business Part of the cities 

49
Q

Where was Sophiatown situated?

A

Near the centre of the city of Johannesburg

50
Q

How many people live in Sophia town?

A

70,000 people, most of them were Africans

51
Q

Define slum

A

A district of a city mart by poverty and inferior living conditions 

52
Q

Why was Sophiatown a suburb of contradictions?

A

On one hand it was filthy and overcrowded. On the other hand it was home to developing urban black culture

53
Q

How was Sophia town home to developing urban black culture?

A

It was vibrant, full of activity and excitement

54
Q

Define contradiction

A

Two opposite that are both true at the same time

55
Q

Who developed the principles of separation further?

A

Prime minister Dr H F Verwoerd

56
Q

When did Dr H F Verwoerd develop principles of separation further?

A

During the 1960s

57
Q

During the 1960s what did the government turn the reserves into? 

A

10 separate homelands or bantustans

58
Q

Define bantustans

A

Negative word for the reserves were black people were meant to be citizens

59
Q

Who belonged to the homeland? 

A

Every African in South Africa would belong to one of these homelands based on the language they spoke

60
Q

What did Verwoerd claim the homelands to be?

A

Separate and independent countries

61
Q

Would Africans have political rights in the homeland?

A

Africans would have for political rights. They would be able to vote for rulers and develop separately and independently from whites

62
Q

How many Black people were moved to the homeland? 

A

3 1/2 million black people

63
Q

Why were the black people moved into the homeland?

A

They were living on land that the government declared word for white people only

64
Q

How did South Africa want to show the rest of the world that it was a democratic country?

A

Allowing all citizens to have the right to vote

65
Q

Why did they argue that blacks were not denied their political rights?

A

They had the right to vote in their homelands

66
Q

Why did black people not have political rights in South Africa?

A

They were not citizens of South Africa

67
Q

Did anyone recognise the homelands as separate and independent countries?

A

No international community recognise that the homelands were separate and independent countries

68
Q

What did the policy forcing black people to move into homelands, have on the black people?

A

Caused enormous hardship for African people. They were unable to make a living

69
Q

Where there any facilities in the homeland?

A

There were no facilities such as clinics, schools, libraries or sports in these areas

70
Q

How did black people make a living in the homeland?

A

Men had to go to White city is to look for work and mothers stayed to look after the children

71
Q

Where the African man allowed to stay in the White city is permanently while they were working?

A

They were not allowed to stay permanently but they had to return to the resort every few months

72
Q

Where did the black people live in the white cities while working?

A

Workers hostels or in African townships and a poor conditions

73
Q

What is in the mothers use the money sent to them by their husbands for?

A

To support themselves and their children

74
Q

What helps us understand that race does not exist?

A

Understanding human evolution

75
Q

What does the study of human ever louche and show us?

A

All human share a common ancestry

76
Q

Why is the concept of human race is not scientific?

A

Physical features such as skin colour, hair type and facial shape, does not relate to how people think or behave

77
Q

What determines the colour of our skin?

A

Genes

78
Q

Define genes

A

Chemical codes in the nucleus of every living thing

79
Q

Why is behaviour learned and not inherited?

A

Human beings of different religions and cultures do you behave differently

80
Q

Define ideology

A

A set of beliefs, values and ideas

81
Q

What was apartheid ideology?

A

If you skin colour and other physical characteristics of South Africans to classify people into race groups

82
Q

What was the apartheid system built on?

A

Racism

83
Q

Define racism

A

Defaults idea that certain groups of people are better than others

84
Q

True or false:
Racism is a false idea or myth 

A

True

85
Q

Define myth

A

A story that is not true, that tries to explain something

86
Q

What do racists believe in?

A

To divide the human race into different race groups and believe it is acceptable to exclude or dominate certain of these groups on the grounds of the race

87
Q

Who were superior in the apartheid ideology?

A

Light-skinned people were superior to dark skin people

88
Q

What was the apartheid ideology used to justify?

A

The oppression of black South Africans

89
Q

What does apartheid mean?

A

Apartness

90
Q

What type of policy was apartheid?

A

And in human policy which kept white South African separate from black South Africans

91
Q

What were the non-whites Categories called in which they were divided?

A

Native, Bantu, coloured and Indian people

92
Q

Why did the National party not to use the term African?

A

Translation of the word Afrikaner 

History (12 decks)

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