Turning Points In South Africa Flashcards
When was the first turning point?
Took place in 1960
What was the first turning point sparked by?
Protested against the pass laws
When did people continue to resist apartheid?
In the 1950s, without the use of violence
What was involved in protests that were met with repression?
Banning, arrests, stricter laws and police violence
Define Africanist
Ideology that says that black African people should determine their own future
Who were members of the ANC that decided to break away?
Africanist
What did the Africanists that those away from the ANC form?
Pan-Africanist Congress (PAC)
When did PAC form?
6 April 1959
Who was the first president of PAC?
Robert Sobukwe
What did PAC believe?
The struggle against apartheid was an African struggle
Who did PAC not want to work with?
Organisations which were not African and white organisations
Example of a white organisation that PAC did not want to work with
Congress of Democrats
Why was the PAC not considered racist?
Beloved that’s bite had too much to lose to be reliable allies
What were the PAC colours?
Like the ANC colours - black, green and gold
What did the green on the PAC flag symbolise?
The youth and vitality of the continent of Africa
What did the yellow on the PAC flag symbolise?
The wealth
What did the black on the PAC flag symbolise?
Colour of it’s people
How many Africans were being convicted under the pass laws every year? 1958
One and a half million Africans
What was the apes officially called in 1958?
Reference book
What was the Afrikaans word for the pass?
Dompas - stupid pass
Define Dompas
Afrikaans word for stupid pass. Commonly used name for the reference books that africans had to carry by law
What were the pass books meant to show?
Africans were temporary travellers in white South Africa
Who had to carry a pass?
Every black adult
What type of methods were the pass laws?
Basic method used by apartheid government used to control the movement of black majority in South Africa