World Civilizations: Changes in Medieval Society Flashcards
1
Q
What changes occurred in agriculture from 800-1200?
A
- Climate warms
- More land was farmable
- Horses replaced oxen for pulling plows and wagons, horses could plow three times as much as oxen
- Three field system was used, plant 2 and let one rest
2
Q
What is a guild?
A
An organization of people of the same occupation
3
Q
What was the purpose of a guild?
A
- Keep prices up, provided security
- Set standards for quality, prices wages and working conditions
- Supervised training of new members
- Guilds helped the economy and government
4
Q
What advances in economy occur during the European “Commercial Revolution”
A
- Trade fairs are held several times a year in towns
- Trade routes open to North Africa and Asia
- Merchants develop credit
- Merchants take out loans, banking grows
5
Q
What occurred to the population in Europe during these times?
A
It grew from 30 million to 42 million
6
Q
What would a serf have to do to become free?
A
Live in a town for a year and a day
7
Q
Who were Burgher?
A
Town merchants
8
Q
What did the crusades provide from an education standpoint?
A
- Christian scholars read translations of Greek works that were created by Muslims
- Crusaders return with Muslim knowledge of navigation, ships and weapons
