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Yr 2 Movement - term 2 and 3 > Workbook - Posterior thigh and popliteal fossa > Flashcards

Workbook - Posterior thigh and popliteal fossa Flashcards

1
Q

What does the femur articulate with proximally?

A

Acetabulum of the hip bone.

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2
Q

What does the femur articulate with distally?

A

Tibia.

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3
Q

What attaches the proximal head of the femur to the shaft?

A

The neck of the femur.

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4
Q

What are the linea aspera?

A

A pair of longitudinal ridges on the dorsal shaft of the femur.
-attachment sites for thigh muscles

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5
Q

What are the thigh muscles surrounded by?

A

Fascia lata.

-layer of deep fascia

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6
Q

How does the fascia lata divide the thigh?

A

Forms 3 intermuscular septa that attach to the linea aspera of the femur&raquo_space; divide the thigh muscles into 3 compartments.

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7
Q

What are the 3 compartments of the thigh muscles?

A
  • Anterior extensor
  • Posterior flexor
  • Medial adductor
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8
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior extensor compartment of the thigh?

A

Femoral nerve.

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9
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior flexor compartment of the thigh?

A

Sciatic nerve.

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10
Q

What nerve supplies the medial adductor compartment of the thigh?

A

Obturator nerve.

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11
Q

What muscles make up the hamstrings? (3)

A
  • Semimembranosus
  • Semitendinosus
  • Biceps femoris (long head)
  • Adductor magnus (hamstring part)
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12
Q

What is the common proximal attachment of the hamstring muscles?

A

Ischial tuberosity.

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13
Q

What is the common innervation of the hamstring muscles?

A

Tibial division of the sciatic nerve.

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14
Q

Why is the short head of biceps femoris not considered as one of the hamstring muscles?

A

Does not share the common proximal attachment or innervation.
(prox attachment = lat lip of linea aspera, innervation = sciatic nerve)

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15
Q

What is unusual about the hamstring part of adductor magnus?

A

It is considered part of the hamstrings despite being in the medial compartment, not the posterior compartment.

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16
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve divide?

A

Posterior thigh, proximal to the knee.

17
Q

What does the sciatic nerve divide into?

A
  • Tibial nerve

- Common fibular (peroneal) nerve

18
Q

What path do the tibial and common fibular nerves take?

A

Common fibular nerve deviates laterally, tibial nerve continues down midline.
-both enter popliteal fossa

19
Q

What does the tibial nerve supply?

A
  • Post compartment of thigh muscles (except short head of biceps femoris)
  • Post compartment of leg muscles
  • Intrinsic muscles in sole of foot (except 1st 2 dorsal interossei)
  • Skin on lower 1/2 post leg, med ankle and sole of foot
20
Q

What does the common fibular nerve supply?

A
  • Lateral compartment of leg (superficial branch)
  • Anterior compartment of leg (deep branch)
  • 1st 2 dorsal interossei
  • Skin on lat leg, ankle and dorsal foot
21
Q

Where is the popliteal fossa?

A

Posterior knee.

-diamond shaped depression

22
Q

What forms the superior margins of the popliteal fossa?

A

MEDIAL - semitendinosus and semimembranosus

LATERAL - biceps femoris

23
Q

What forms the inferior margins of the popliteal fossa?

A

Gastrocnemius and plantaris.

  • MEDIAL - med head of gastrocnemius
  • LATERAL - lat head of gastrocnemius & plantaris
24
Q

What structures form the floor of the popliteal fossa? (3)

A
  • Caspule of knee joint
  • Adjacent surfaces of femur and tibia
  • Popliteus muscle
25
Q

What structures form the roof of the popliteal fossa?

A

-Deep fascia

-small saphenous vein in superficial fascia

26
Q

Summarise the boundaries of the popliteal fossa.

A

SUPEROMEDIAL - semitendinosus & semimembranosus
SUPEROLATERAL - biceps femoris
INFEROMEDIAL - medial head of gastrocnemius
INFEROLATERAL - lateral head of gastroccnemius & plantaris
FLOOR - knee capsule & popliteus
ROOF - deep fascia

27
Q

What are the sub-compartments of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Superficial and deep sub-compartments.

-divided by transverse intermuscular septum

28
Q

Which muscles function as a flexor of the knee as well as a plantarflexor of the ankle? (2)

A
  • Gastrocnemius

- Plantaris

29
Q

When does the femoral artery become the popliteal fossa?

A

As it exits the adductor hiatus into the popliteal fossa.

30
Q

What nerve wraps around the neck of the fibula?

A

Common fibular nerve.

31
Q

Where is the sciatic nerve formed?

A

In the pelvic cavity/lower back.

32
Q

What nerve supplies all muscles in the foot and leg?

A

Sciatic nerve (and its branches).

33
Q

What root value does the sciatic nerve have?

A

L4-S3.

34
Q

How does the sciatic nerve exit the pelvis?

A

Through the greater sciatic foramen, inferior to piriformis.

35
Q

What are the contents of the popliteal fossa?

A
  • Popliteal artery
  • Politeal vein
  • Tibial nerve
  • Common fibular nerve
36
Q

What is the smaller division of the sciatic nerve?

A

Common fibular nerve.

37
Q

What is the most superficial structure in the popliteal fossa?

A

Tibial nerve.

38
Q

What nerve roots is the tibial nerve formed by?

A

L4-S3.

Yr 2 Movement - term 2 and 3 (13 decks)

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