Wood Processes Flashcards
Traditional Wood jointing
Larger gluing contact area = stronger joint
Dovetail joint
used for drawers due to multi-directional strength.
Consists of interlocking ‘pins’ and ‘tails’ of trapezoidal shape.
High tensile strength
Finger/comb joint
Used for box construction.
Consists of interlocking complementary rectangular cuts called ‘fingers’
Housing joint
used for framework construction, cabinets and shelving.
Consists of two pieces of wood perpendicular to one another with one fitting to an indent in the other.
Half lap joint
Used for simple boxes or frames
Half the thickness of the two pieces of wood is removed, allowing them to fit together
Dowel joint
Typically used in flat pack furniture
It consists of corresponding holes in each of the prices of wood where dowel is inserted to strengthen the join
Mortise and tenon joint
Used for frame constructions for tables and chairs
Consists of a hole (mortise) in one piece of wood and a rectangular tenon to fit that hole
Knock down fittings
These are simple joins used in flat pack furniture that allows the furniture to be assembled easily and quickly by the consumer using simple tools supplied with the product
Modesty blocks
Knock down fitting
Small rigid polymer blocks
They have moulded holes that take screws that are used to join the block to panels and could be used on cupboards and storage units
Barrel nuts and bolts
Knock down fitting
Use a cross dowel that is fitted into one of the pieces to be joined
The large head helps spread the load of the joint
Can be undone easily and frequently to allow adjustment
Bolt is inserted through the other piece of timber and tightened into the cross dowel - often using an Allen key
They are often used in bed frames and cots
Cam-lock connectors
Knock down fitting
Consist of a metal dowel that is screwed into one of the pieces
The cam is a disk that fits into a pre-drilled hole
Relatively hidden from view
When the disk is rotated with a screwdriver, the collar on the dowel locks into the cam and pulls both pieces tightly together
Used in flat pack furniture such as bookcases to attach the shelves to the sides
Wood screws
Knock down fitting
Used for screwing two pieces of wood together where the thread is only needed at the bottom
Top piece of wood is drilled with a clearance hole that the screw simply pushes through
The bottom piece has a pilot hole so that the thread bites into the timber
Coach bolts
Knock down fitting
Used to join wood pieces together
Under the domed head of the bolt is a square piece that digs into the wood when tightened, preventing the bolt from rotating
Used for fitting door locks or in street furniture - wooden benches etc
Lamination
Forming process
Bonds materials together
Uses wood veneers or thin manufactured boards such as 1.2-3mm plywood which can be glued together and bent over a former so that when dry they form a thicker board in the shape of the former
Two part former and excess adhesive between layers can be removed
Lamination can be trimmed to size once formed
Held whilst drying by clamps or a vacuum bag
Steam bending
Combined heat and steam make strips of wood pliable so that they can be shaped over a former
Wood is placed into a steam box where it will absorb the steam
The wood is then bent over a former and clamped to it until it dries
Quicker than laminating and less wasteful
