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Product Design > Metals > Flashcards

Metals Flashcards

1
Q

Stock forms

A

Sheet - large flat sections approx 1-3mm in thickness

Plate - thicker and narrower than sheet >3mm in thickness

Bar - solid tube form, flat bar ➖, square bar ▫️, round bar ⏺and hexagonal bar

Tube form - hollow in cross section, can be: square 🔳, round ⭕️, rectangular and hexagonal

Structural angular - e.g. H beams/I beams, L beams, T bar and channel

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2
Q

Metal ores

A

Metals are extracted from their ores e.g. Through crushing, smelting, electrolysis and heating

Ores account for approx 25% of the earths crust

Bauxite is the most common ore

Copper - Chalcopyrite

Aluminium - Bauxite

Tin - Cassiterite

Zinc - Zinc blende

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3
Q

Aluminium properties

A 
Lightweight 
Ductile 
Malleable 
Corrosion resistant 
Electrical + thermal conductor 
Can be MIG and TIG welded 
Melting temperature 660 degrees C
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4
Q

Copper properties

A 
Ductile 
Malleable 
Tough 
Corrosion resistant 
Good electrical + thermal conductor 
Can be soldered + brazed 
Melting temperature 1083 degrees
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5
Q

Zinc properties

A

Low melting point
Ductile
Very good corrosion resistance
Melting temperature 420 degrees C

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6
Q

Silver properties

A 
Malleable 
Ductile
Corrosion resistant 
Can be soldered 
Melting temperature 962 degrees C
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7
Q

Gold properties

A 
Malleable 
Ductile
Corrosion resistant 
Can be soldered 
Good conductor
Melting temperature 1063 degrees C
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8
Q

Titanium properties

A

Hard
Similar strength to steels but lighter
Non-toxic and biologically compatible with human tissue
High corrosion resistance, resistance to acids and alkalis and chemical resistance
Poor conductor
Melting temperature -1668 degrees C

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9
Q

Tin properties

A

Ductile
Malleable
Low melting point - 232 degrees C
Corrosion resistant

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10
Q

Low carbon steel properties

A 
Ductile 
High tensile strength 
Tough 
Malleable 
Poor resistance to corrosion 
0.15-0.3% carbon
Melting temperature 1427 degrees C
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11
Q

Medium carbon steel properties

A

Harder than low carbon steel but less ductile, malleable and tough

0.3-0.7% carbon

Melting temperature - 1425-1540 degrees C

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12
Q

Cast iron properties

A

Hard outer skin but softer core

Can be cast - good fusibility and can be poured easily

Good under compression

3.5% carbon

Melting temperature 1149 degrees C

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13
Q

Stainless steel properties

A

Tough
Hard
Corrosion resistant
18% chrome, 8% nickel

Melting temperature 1510 degrees C

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14
Q

High speed steel (HSS) properties

A

Hard
Tough
High resistance to frictional heat

18% tungsten, 4% chromium, 1% vanadium, 0.5-0.8% carbon

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15
Q

Die steel

A

Hard
Tough
Durable

Uses:

Blanking punches and dies
Extruder dies
Fine press tools

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16
Q

Bronze properties

A

Tough
Corrosion resistant
Can be cast
Low friction for metal on metal - e.g. for bearings

90% copper, 10% tin

Melting temperature 850-1000 degrees C

17
Q

Brass properties

A

Corrosion resistant
Good electrical and thermal conductor

Melting point 930 degrees C
65% copper, 35% zinc

18
Q

Duralumin

A

Equivalent strength to mild steel but lighter
Ductile and malleable
Corrosion resistant
Becomes harder as it’s worked
Aluminium with 4% copper, 1% magnesium and manganese

Uses:

Aircraft parts ✈️
Vehicle parts🚗

19
Q

Pewter properties

A

Malleable
Relatively soft
Low melting point 170-230 degrees C

85-99% tin, rest is copper and antimony

20
Q

Aluminium uses

A 
Drinks cans 
Aircraft bodies 
Bike frames 
Window frames 
Saucepans 
Cooking utensils 
Packaging 
Baking foil
21
Q

Copper uses

A

Electrical wire

Printed electrical circuits

Water pipes

Hot water tanks

Central heating pipes

22
Q

Zinc uses

A

Galvanising steel -

Dustbins

Buckets

Farm gates

School fences

23
Q

Silver uses

A

Jewellery

Cutlery

Plating other materials

24
Q

Gold uses

A

Jewellery

Electronic components

Connectors

Switch components

25
Q

Titanium uses

A 
Hip replacements 
Joint replacements 
Tooth implants 
Spectacle frames 
Aircraft 
Spacecraft 
Golf clubs 
Bicycles 
Ship hulls
26
Q

Tin uses

A

Soft solder

Costing for food cans

Rarely used in pure form

27
Q

Low carbon steel uses

A 
Nuts 
Bolts 
Washers 
Screws 
Car bodies
28
Q

Medium carbon steel uses

A

Springs, gardening tools (e.g. Trowels and forks)

29
Q

Cast iron uses

A

Disc brakes

Machine parts

Engine blocks

30
Q

Stainless steel uses

A

Sinks

Kitchenware

Cutlery

31
Q

High speed steel uses

A

Tool blades

Drill bits

Milling cutters

Router bits

32
Q

Bronze uses

A

Statues

Coins

Bearings

33
Q

Brass uses

A

Boat fittings

Door furniture

Cast valves and taps

Ornaments

34
Q

Pewter uses

A 
Tankards 
Flasks 
Goblets 
Photo frames 
Decorative items 
Candlesticks 
Sports trophies
35
Q

Non-ferrous metal examples

A 
Aluminium 
Copper 
Zinc 
Silver 
Gold 
Titanium 
Tin
36
Q

Ferrous metal examples

A

Low carbon steel

Medium carbon steel

Cast iron

37
Q

Ferrous alloys examples

A

Stainless steel

High speed steel

Die steel (tool steel)

38
Q

Non-ferrous alloys examples

A

Bronze

Brass

Duralumin

Pewter

Product Design (47 decks)

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