WK 3 SOCIAL Flashcards

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1
Q

what are attitudes according to bohner and dickel 2011

what are 4 factors

A

Evaluation of an object of thought

-Not directly observable
-Multiple components
-Relatively consistent
-Different levels of awareness

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2
Q

Tripartite model of attitudes

components

A

Affect- Emotional reaction

Cognition- Beliefs, thoughts

Behaviour- Reaction tendency

importance of considering what is observable and what is not

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3
Q

Theory of Cognitive Dissonance (Festinger, 1954)

A

The function of attitudes is to reduce cognitive dissonance (i.e., a mismatch between thoughts and behaviour)

Cognitive dissonance can be a motivator for attitude change  thought or behaviour

Self-perception: People become aware of their attitudes by observing their behaviour

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4
Q

Katz’s theory of attitudes (4 functions)

A
  • Adaptive or instrumental
    Attainment or avoidance of goals

-Knowledge
explain and predict the environment

-Value expressive
one’s identity

-Ego defence
protecting from possible harms

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5
Q

How are attitudes formed

A

-Classical conditioning
-operant conditioning
-Mere Exposure
-Imitation

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6
Q

Mere Exposure (Bornstein, 1989; Zajonc, 1968)

A

Direct repeated experience often results in preference (i.e., compared to objects less often encountered).

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7
Q

Imitation attitude foramtion

A

Copy of someone’s behaviour  More positive attitudes

Adank, Stewart, Connell, and Wood (2013)  Imitation of regional accents led to more positive attitudes toward the accent imitated

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8
Q

Attitude change Elaboration Likelihood Model (Cacioppo & Petty, 1984; Petty & Wegener, 1999

2 routes

A

Central Route

Message elaboration; the path of cognitive processing that involves scrutiny of message content

Peripheral Route

Mental shortcut process that accepts or rejects a message based on irrelevant/superficial cues

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9
Q

Elaboration Likelihood Model (Petty & Wegener, 1999)

Target Factors

A

Personal relevance (involvement) (e.g., Petty & Brinol, 2009)

Need for cognition (Cacioppo, Petty, Feinstein, & Jarvis, 1996)

Distraction

Prior knowledge

Personality traits (e.g., self-esteem)

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10
Q

Elaboration Likelihood Model (Petty & Wegener, 1999)

message factors

A

Strong vs. weak arguments

Long arguments

Unilateral vs. bilateral arguments

Need for closure (Pierro et al., 2004)

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11
Q
A
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