dev wk 5 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

perception:

A

process of organizing and interpreting sensory information abput the objects, events and spatial layout of our surrounding world

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

sensation

A

refers to processing basic information from the external world by the sensory receptors in the sense organs and the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

preferential looking

A

involves showing two stimuli to an infant to see if the infant has a preference for one or the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

habituation

A

involves repeatedly presenting an infant with a stimulus until the response declines (gets bored).
If a novel stimulus is presented and response increases, the researchers conclude the baby can discriminate between the two stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

visual acuity

A

sharpness of visual discrimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The sharpness of infants’ visual discrimination develops so rapidly that it
approaches that of adults by age ___ months and reaches full adult acuity by
___years of age

A

8

6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

contrast sensitivity

A

(the ability to detect
differences in light and dark
areas)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Very young infants (up to _______ months) prefer to look at
patterns of high visual
contrast because they have
poor contrast sensitivity because …

A

2 months

the cones
(light-receptors) of the eye,
which are concentrated in
the fovea (the central
region of the retina), differ
from adults’ in size, shape,
and spacing

(cone cells for colour)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Very young infants have limited colour vision,
although by_______ to _____ of age their colour vision is
similar to that of adults’ (Kellman & Arterberry, 2006

A

2-3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Scanning
One-month-olds (a) scan the
______of shapes, while
two-month-olds (b) scan
both the ________of shapes (Maurer
& Salapatek, 1976)

A

perimeters

perimeters and the
interiors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Tracking
Although infants begin scanning the environment right away,
they cannot track even slowly moving objects smoothly until
___ to____ of age (Aslin, 1981)

A

2 to 3 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

From birth, infants are drawn to faces
because of a general bias toward
….

A

configurations with more elements in the
upper half than in the lower half

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Two-month-old infants can analyze and integrate
separate elements of a visual display into a coherent
pattern
– When you look at this figure, you
no doubt see a square—what is
called a subjective contour,
because it does not actually exist
– __________ olds also see the
overall pattern here and detect
the illusory square (Bertenthal et
al., 1980)

A

Seven-month-olds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Infants (as young as ___ month) ___ to optical expansion, a
depth cue in which an object
occludes increasingly more of the
background, indicating that the
object is approaching

A

1 month
respond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Despite the fact that even
newborns can recognize twodimensional versions of threedimensional objects, children
must come to understand their
symbolic nature
* Before they reach about ________ age and have
substantial experience with
pictures, infants and toddlers
attempt to treat pictures as
though they were real objects
(DeLoache et al, 1998)

A

19
months of age

eat picture of cake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Although the human auditory system
is relatively well developed at birth,
hearing does not approach adult
levels until age___ or ___

A

5 or 6

17
Q

Infants respond to rhythm and temporal organisation in
music, … (evidence) … (Krumhansl & Jusczyk,
1990)

A

preferring music that had pauses between musical
phrases rather than in the middle

18
Q

Stereopsis

what is and when

A

– Process by which the
visual cortex combines
the differing neural
signals caused by
binocular disparity (the
slightly different signals
sent to the brain by the
two eyes)
– Emerges suddenly at
around 4 months of age
(Held et al., 1980)

19
Q
A