WHO World Malaria Report 2020: Flashcards
What are the key findings of report?
India has made considerable progress in reducing its malaria burden.
India is the only high endemic country which has reported a decline of 17.6% in 2019 as compared to 2018.
The Annual Parasitic Incidence (API) reduced by 27.6% in 2018 compared to 2017 and by 18.4% in 2019 as compared to 2018. India has sustained API less than one since year 2012.
India has also contributed to the largest drop in cases region-wide, from approximately 20 million to about 6 million. The percentage drop in the malaria cases was 71.8% and deaths was 73.9% between 2000 to 2019.
What is High Burden to High Impact (HBHI) initiative?
Initiated by WHO in 11 high malaria burden countries, including India.
In India, Implementation has been started in four states i.e. West Bengal and Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.
What is the Cause of malaria?
Caused by a parasite that commonly infects a certain type of mosquito which feeds on humans.
How malaria spreads?
Female Anopheles mosquitoes deposit parasite sporozoites into the skin of a human host.
How many kinds of malaria parasites infect humans?
Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. In addition, P. knowlesi (Sounds like khalessi )
What is Durgama Anchalare Malaria Nirakaran (DAMaN) initiative?
Among states, Odisha’s Durgama Anchalare Malaria Nirakaran (DAMaN)initiative is significant.
The initiative aims to deliver services to the most inaccessible and hardest hit people of the State. The initiative has in-built innovative strategies to combat asymptomatic malaria.
The programme is jointly implemented by Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Malaria Research (ICMR-NIMR), National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP), Odisha and Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV).
Update 6 March 2021
El Salvador has become the first country in central America and the third in all Americas to get the malaria-free certificate
