Westward Expansion (Traveling out west)

Question 1

manifest destiny

Answer 1

belief that the expansion of the US was both justified and inevitable

Question 2

annex

Answer 2

a formal act where a country proclaims its sovereignty over a territory

Question 3

Westward Expansion
I. Manifest Destiny

(lowkey sorry lowkey not)

Answer 3

• original border of the U.S. was the Mississippi River
• many believed the U.S. had the right to spread out to the Pacific - started with the Louisiana Purchase (from France)
• Lewis and Clark explored it with Sacagawea
• Eastern cities were overcrowded
• little known about the area and the residents
• gold rush brought many to the west to get rich

Question 4

Transcontinental Railroad

Answer 4

a railroad that would cross the continent and connect the East to the West

Question 5

Pony Express

Answer 5

a system of messengers on horseback

Question 6

II. Communication to the West

Answer 6

Pony Express used teams of messengers to send mail (slowest method)
The telegraph was invented and was built along the railroad to make communication between the two coasts faster

Question 7

III. Transcontinental Railroad

Answer 7

Lincoln and Congress wanted to build the railroad to the west, loaned money and gave a mile of land for every track built, hoped to settle into the west before slavery reached it

Question 8

Union Pacific

Answer 8

started in Omaha heading west, had to deal with natives, Irish workers, were going to meet at Promontory Point, Utah

Question 9

Central Pacific

Answer 9

started in Sacramento heading east, had to deal with mountains, Chinese workers, were going to meet at Promontory Point, Utah

Question 10

Great Plains

Answer 10

A large semi dry grassland between the Mississippi River and Rocky Mountains

Question 11

Tipis

Answer 11

A cone shape shelter made from animal skin used by Plains Indians

Question 12

IV. Great Plains Native Americans

Answer 12

U.S. bought Louisiana Territory from France in 1803, plains indians were hunter-gatherers, following buffalo, settled in Canada and Texas, learned to ride horses, women played an important role in the tribe

Question 13

dry farming

Answer 13

relying on farming crops that use less water like wheat

Question 14

national grange

Answer 14

a social and educational organization for farmers

Question 15

deflation

Answer 15

a decrease in money supply and overall lower prices

Question 16

Sod Houses

Answer 16

homes made using sod & mud bricks

Question 17

V. Farmers in the Plains

Answer 17

In 1862, Congress passed the Homestead Act, encouraging farmers to settle west and allowing poor people to own land, homesteaders planted wheat and corn (dry farming)

Question 18

Homestead Act

Answer 18

gave 160 yards of land to anyone who farmed it for five years, 20% of the land went to small farmers, big land-owning companies illegally took land, selling it for higher prices, poor people couldn’t afford to move west and start a farm

Question 19

Populist Party

Answer 19

a party which united the farmers and labor union through a common goal of the poor and regulating railroads

Question 20

Populism

Answer 20

a popular support for the concerns of ordinary people

Question 21

VI. Farmers’ Political Groups

Answer 21

farmers sold a lot of wheat but got less money (deflation), ended up borrowing money they couldn’t pay back

Question 22

Populist Party: a third party that was created to help the farmers

Answer 22

demanded an 8-hour workday, limi immigration, an income tax (16th amendment), free silver: coin all mined silver
— organizations became more political making lasting changes, wanted to limit railroad shipping rates to help farmers

Question 23

17th amendment

Answer 23

direct election of senators