Western Scientific Medical Discoveries -Term 4 Flashcards
Name 7 strategies doctors use to prevent disease.
- Placing people in isolation so that the disease does not spread
- Avoid contact with sick people
- Stay at home if you are sick
- Cover your mouth and nose when sneezing and coughing
- Always wash your hands
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with dirty hands
- Clean and disinfect your working areas
Who was Edward Jenner? (3)
A country doctor who lived between 1741 and 1823. He discovered how to prevent disease by inventing the vaccination.
Explain how Jenner discovered the vaccination. (9)
At the time, many people were dying or being left with scars from Smallpox. Jenner noticed that milkmaids seemed to be immune to Smallpox, and that they had blisters on their hands called Cowpox. These were similar to the blisters caused by Smallpox. He realised that maybe the milkmaids were immune because they already had small parts of it in their bodies. Their bodies knew how to fight Smallpox. Jenner injected a little bit of pus from the milkmaid’s blisters into a young child. A few days later, he injected Smallpox into the child. The child got sick but was better after a few days.
Who was Louis Pasteur?
He was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist. He lived between 1822 and 1895.
What did Louis accomplish under the subject of germs and disease? (8)
He built on Jenner’s work on the vaccination and discovered that many diseases were caused by germs. He studied liquids like beer and milk under a microscope and discovered that when they went bad, they became full of microbes. These microbes caused disease. In 1864 he wrote a paper saying that germs and bacteria were involved in decay and infection.
Who was Robert Koch?
A German physician who lived between 1843 to 1910.
What was Robert Koch’s role in germs that caused TB? (10)
In 1882 and 1883, Koch worked on Pasteur’s ideas. He discovered that germs caused cholera and tuberculosis. Scientists knew more about germs and that some diseases could be spread when the germs passed on from one person to another. They could identify different diseases and find ways to prevent infection.
Who was Alexander Fleming?
A doctor. He built on Erlichs’ work, and eventually invented penicillin.
Who was Robert Erlich?
Robert Erlich was the doctor who identified that healthy people produced antibodies that could fight germs that caused disease.
Name 5 diseases that have been common in the past century and that have also had an outbreak recently all over the world.
Bubonic plague (AKA the black death), measles, viral hemorrhagic fever, smallpox, yellow fever, cholera, dengue fever, Ebola and meningitis.
