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WEIMAR spend Flashcards

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1
Q

In 1916 during WW1, how many workers demonstrated against the government to end the war?

A

100,000

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2
Q

During WW1, what % of milk could they produce now than before?

A

50%

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3
Q

During WW1, how many calories was the average German living on?

A

1000

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4
Q

During WW1, how many died due to starvation?

A

3 Million

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5
Q

When was the armistice sign and effects?

A

1918
- Called November Criminals
- “Stabbed in the back”

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6
Q

When was the TOV signed and why?

A

1919
- Had to sign within 5 days or risk invasion

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7
Q

Why was the TOV called a DIKTAT?

A

Outraged by the treaty

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8
Q

Between 1919-22 how many political murders took place and a specific?

A

376
- Hugo Hasse, SDP Reichstag member 1919

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9
Q

How many right-wing assassins were put on trial vs Left-wing assassins?

A

10 left wing assassins vs no right-wing assassins

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10
Q

When was the Spartacist uprising?

A

1919

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11
Q

When was the Kapp Putsch?

A

1920

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12
Q

How many ex soldiers lost their jobs due to the TOV in 1919?

A

250,000

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13
Q

What % of production was held in the Ruhr?

A

80%

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14
Q

When was the invasion of the Ruhr?

A

1922

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15
Q

During the invasion of the Ruhr, how many were left dead and injured?

A

Dead: 150
Injured: 150,000

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16
Q

When was the Rentenmark introduced?

A

1923

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17
Q

Compare the price of bread between 1918 and 1923?

A

0.6 - 201,000,000,000

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18
Q

When was the Munich Putsch?

A

8-9th NOV1923

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19
Q

How many SA did Hitler arrive with to Van Kahr’s public meeting?

A

600 SA

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20
Q

How many Nazis died during the Munich Putsch?

A

16

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21
Q

What were the 1924 Elections?

A

Moderate: 50%
Extreme 40%

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22
Q

What were the 1928 Elections?

A

Moderate: 58%
Extreme: 28%

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23
Q

Insurance Act during the Golden Years?

A

1927 INsurance Act, helped 16 million jobless with insurance money

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24
Q

Unemployment rate during the Golden Years?

A

1926: 2 million unemployed
1928: 1.3 million unemployed

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25
Q

How many homes were constructed during the Golden Years?

A

Over 100k, solved housing crises

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26
Q

During the Golden Years, how much less were women paid for doing the same jobs as men?

A

33% less

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27
Q

What was Article 109?

A

Men and Women had equal rights

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28
Q

What was the New Woman during the Golden Years?

A

Independant smoked, and drank; not always popular.

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29
Q

How many women were selected to be in the Reichstag during the Golden Years?

A

112 in 1932

30
Q

After WW1, how many students attended university?

A

40000

31
Q

Who was Otto Dix?

A

A painter who painted scenes from German life. They were often quite critical of the decrease in German living standards and the impact of war part of the New Objectivity movement.

32
Q

What movie was financed by the Government?

A

Metropolis by Fritz Lang; was a new type of exciting film

33
Q

What was the Bauhaus school?

A

Founded by Walter Gropius in 1926, it was a modern influential art school which focused on product design. He became famous for his iconic door handles and public buildings across Weimar

34
Q

Gymnastics during the Golden Years?

A

It continued to be a popular sport amongst women, and by 1930, 200000 women were, members of a gymnastics club

35
Q

What % of the cinema audience did women make up?

A

75%

36
Q

What % of towns had a cinema?

A

2%

37
Q

What was the Kammmerspielfilm movement?

A
  • atmospheric films made on a small budget (economic instability)
  • dark storylines with themes of horror and crime
38
Q

During the Golden Years, how many women held cabinet posts or sat in the upper house?

A

NONE

39
Q

During the Golden Years, what were many women elected to across Germany?

A

Local and Regional Assemblies

40
Q

When was the Hitler Youth set up?

A

1926

41
Q

How many members did the Hitler Youth have by 1929?

A

100,000

42
Q

What did Hitler do after prison to make sure he had support all across Germany?

A

Set up branches of the party called; Gaue with his closest advisers (Gaulieters) who spread the word of the party

43
Q

Who did Hitler befriend after he got out of prison and why?

A

Bosch; a businessman who sent large donations to the party and agreed with the right winged policies

44
Q

After the Wall Street crash, how many 16-33-year-olds were left unemployed?

A

50%

45
Q

Due to the Wall Street crash, what % of the unemployed didn’t receive benefits?

A

Over 15%

46
Q

By 1932, how many Germans were left unemployed?

A

6 million

47
Q

Political violence during the great depression?

A

500 killed in 7 weeks

48
Q

What did the Government fail to address during the great depression?

A
  • Farmers bombing town halls
  • Extremist parties spreading ideas
49
Q

After the wall street crash, what did Hitler do to gain support from the farmers?

A

They felt overlooked by the Government during the golden years and they made up over 30% of the population. Hitler changed laws about confiscating land and many farmers were anti-communist.

50
Q

What % of Farmers voted for the Nazis in 1930?

A

60% of farmers

51
Q

Night of Long Knives?

A

1934
- SS and Gestapo murdered key SA members and Rohm
- SA was becoming way too loyal to Rohm
- Himmler convinced Hitler Rohm was becoming a threat

52
Q

Introduction of SS?

A
  • Chosen based on racial purity, trained in racial hatred
  • Ultimate defenders of the Aryan race
  • After 1934 they had complete control over the concentration camps
53
Q

How many members of the SS were there in 1935?

A

35,000

54
Q

Why may the Gestapo have been seen as weak?

A

There were 30,000 Gestapo members compared to 80 000 citizens in Germany

55
Q

What were the main aims of the Gestapo?

A
  • Spy on the people and arrest those with ‘independent thinking’ without trial
  • Tapped into phones and intercepted mail
56
Q

Informers?

A
  • Areas were divided into sections under the control of a block warden
  • They had to write reports on the local area that could affect people’s jobs
  • People could be reported if; told anti nazi jokes or didn’t fly the Nazi flag
57
Q

Reichstag Fire?

A

1933
- Reichstag burnt down in a fire, blamed communists and claimed that it was the start of a communist uprising
- Van Der Lubbe a Dutch communist was put on trial for its
- Some believe that the Nazis were to blame for the fire

58
Q

Enabling Act?

A

1933
In March elections Hitler finally got a majority, and he intimidated the Reichstag into giving him emergency powers, and for the next 4 years, if he wanted a new law, he could make it.

59
Q

When was opposition banned by Nazis?

A

1933

60
Q

During the 1930s why were civilians scared?

A

they were obsessed with “keeping their heads down” in fear of the return of economic depression, so they avoided trouble. Especially due to block wardens.

61
Q

How did the Nuremberg rallies help?

A

Gave people a huge sense of belonging, and used colour and excitement to encourage loyalty to the Nazis.

62
Q

Edelweiss Pirates?

A

Aged 14-17, they were working-class teenagers. They chanted lyrics to songs which mocked Germany and taunted and attacked the Hitler Youth. They even attacked and killed a Gestapo leader. However, 12 were hung publicly in 1944.

63
Q

White Rose?

A
  • Adopt the strategy of passive resistance used by students fighting racial discrimination in the US
  • Published leaflets calling for the restoration of democracy and social justice in Germany
  • School revealed Nazi euthanasia policies with pamphlets
  • Was executed for treason
64
Q

Why did many churches not oppose Hitler?

A
  • Nazis made public donations between 1929-33
  • Signed the Concordat in 1933 saying he would leave the Catholic Church alone
  • Many Christians supported the anti-communist ideas
65
Q

Why did the church begin to oppose Hitler?

A
  • The Catholic Youth group was an alternative to the Hitler Youth Group; banned in 1937
  • Church schools were soon taken away
  • 400 Catholic priests were arrested including Niemoller and Bishop Bonhoeffer
66
Q

1944 Bomb plot?

A

1938: Lieutenant Colonel Beck resigned in protest at Hitler’s plans in Czechoslovakia
- General Von Stuffenburg took a bomb to the Wolf’s Lair to try to kill Hitler, The briefcase went off after Von Stauffen left the room but it failed to kill Hitler
- Beck killed himself and Staufeenburg was arrested

67
Q

Niemoller

A

Felt that Weimar Rep needed a strong leader
He opposed the Nazis interfering in the running of the Protestant Church​
He opposed the ban on Jews becoming Christians ​
sent to a concentration camp in 1937
the opposition was quickly identified and removed from society

68
Q

Women in 1930s

A

Any woman who had given birth to ten children under the Nazis could have earned a higher wage than an average wage-earning male
From 1933, women were banned from professional jobs as doctors, lawyers, and teachers
Women could receive a monthly payment for each child they gave birth to, to help with costs. This came from the government

69
Q

Lebensborn Programme

A

This policy got unmarried, racially pure women to have children with members of the SS who were also racially pure.​

70
Q

The Duty Year

A

In 1937 the Nazi Party needed more workers, as there were not enough men to join the army and run the economy. As a result, they needed to encourage more women into the workforce
Women were all forced to spend a year working for the state, usually on farms or in family homes, but also in factories that had, previously, been set up for male workers only. These places had low wages and no facilities (like toilets) for women.​

71
Q
A

GCSE (10 decks)

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