Weimar and Nazi Germany: 1924-1929 Flashcards
who was gustav stresemann?
foreign secretary for germany from 1924-1929
what was the new currency introduced?
rentenmark
why was this currency introduced?
to end hyperinflation
what was the locarno treaty?
a document signed by britain and france as well as germany to promise that france would no longer invade germany as long as they continued to pay reparations
when was the locarno treaty signed?
1925
what was the kellogg briand pact?
a pact made with 64 other nations to promise not to use armies for war but only for defence
when was the kellogg briand pact signed?
1928
what was the dawes plan?
a plan that gave germany a loan of 800 million marks from the USA
when was the dawes plan signed?
1924
what happened in 1926?
germany was allowed to join the league of nations
how did stresemann solve relations in the ruhr?
beginning to pay france the reparations they owed
how did germany’s economy grow in the years 1924-1929?
they borrowed 25,000 million marks from the USA to restore roads, railways and build factories
what were reforms?
making life better for the working class by building houses and reducing unemployment
what was the young plan?
a plan to agree that germany should keep paying 2000 million marks per year for the next 59 years
why did stresemann face criticism for the young plan?
4 million signed a petition to prevent the signing of the young plan as they thought it was too much money
how did stresemann improve government relations?
he arranged a ‘great coalition’ of the pro democracy parties to resist criticism from the smaller, extremist parties
why was there a decline in extremism in the years 1924-1929?
the government was more stable so the public voted for less corrupt parties
what was the unemployment insurance act of 1927?
it provided an average of 60 marks per week to the unemployed
how did unemployment decrease in the years 1926-1928?
in 1926, the unemployment rate was 2 million and by 1928 it was 1.3 million
why how much % did wages rise from 1925-1927?
25%
how many war veterans took pensions in the years 1924-1929?
750,000
how did the number in education increase from before WW1 to 1928?
before WW1, the number in education was 70,000 and in 1928, it was 1110000
by 1932, how many women had been elected?
112
by 1932, what % of the reichstag were female?
10%
by how much did female doctors rise in the years 1925-1932?
2500 in 1925 and 5000 in 1932
what were the characteristics of ‘new women’?
they more more revealing clothing, make-up, jewellery, had shorter hair, went out unaccompanied and smoke and drank more
why did some see ‘new women’ as a negative thing?
they threatened the traditional aspects of society
why did the lower middle class see their position threatened?
the new system favored working class
how did the birth rate fall from 1913 to 1924?
in 1913 there were 128 births per 1000 women and in 1924 there were only 80 per 1000 women
what % less were women payed than men in the same job?
33% less
in 1925, what % of women worked?
36%
what were women expected to do when they married?
give up work
what was new objectivism?
the idea that the arts should not romanticize the world but show it how it really was
what was modernism?
the idea that the arts shouldn’t obsess over the past but look the the future
what was expressionism?
the idea that the arts should reflect the thoughts and feelings of the artist rather than being limited to showing things exactly as they appear
what was the bauhaus movement?
Gropius developed the bauhaus design collage in berlin so it influenced all areas of the arts and stressed the beauty in technology
how did the government support cultural change?
they supported art galleries, theatres, orchestras, museums and libraries
how did the weimar constitution lead to cultural change?
it allowed freedom of speech
why did the right wing disagree with cultural change?
it undermined traditional german culture
why did the left wing disagree with cultural change?
the money should have been spent on the working class
