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History > Problems With Law and Order > Flashcards

Problems With Law and Order Flashcards

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1
Q

what were the new towns created by railroads known as?

A

hell on wheels

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2
Q

why did cow towns lead to lawlessness?

A

cowboys would often celebrate after months of hard work to get the cattle to the town - they would drink, gamble and fight

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3
Q

what happened to a sign banning guns in abilene?

A

it was shot so full of holes that it could no longer be read

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4
Q

who was Thomas Smith?

A

hired as town marshal of abilene in 1870

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5
Q

what did smith issue?

A

a ban on guns

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6
Q

what did smith do to cowboys who disobeyed him?

A

knock them out

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7
Q

what happened to smith?

A

he was shot and killed with an axe while trying to arrest a suspected murderer

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8
Q

who was then appointed town marshal of abilene?

A

wild bill hickok

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9
Q

why was hickok sacked?

A

he did little to enforce the law and spent most of his time gambling in saloons

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10
Q

how did the civil war cause lawlessness in the west?

A

arrival of large numbers of ex soldiers after the war who formed gangs

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11
Q

who were the reno gang?

A

a group of civil war deserters, co men and thieves

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12
Q

what did the reno gang do in 1866?

A

carried out a train robbery

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13
Q

how much money did they steal?

A

$16,000

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14
Q

who was hired to hunt down the reno gang?

A

the pinkerton national detective agency

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15
Q

when did the gang strike again?

A

1867 and 1868

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16
Q

how much money did their 4th train robbery gain them?

A

$96,000

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17
Q

what happened to the reno gang?

A

one member was caught and gave up the others in return for a reduced sentence - they were lynched

18
Q

how did the gold rush cause lawlessness?

A

the development of mining towns by prospectors

19
Q

what was salting a claim?

A

putting flakes of gold onto rocks to trick inexperienced miners into buying them

20
Q

what was claim jumping?

A

stealing peoples claims

21
Q

who was billy the kid?

A

an american outlaw who participated in the lincoln county war of 1878

22
Q

how did the geographical location of the west cause problems with law and order?

A

vast and sparsely populated meaning it was easy to get away with crime
transport was very slow

23
Q

what political factors encouraged lawlessness?

A

shortage or reliable law officers in new mining towns

politicians would not pay to employ new officers

24
Q

what social conflict was there?

A

between ethnic groups - racism
civil war soldiers found it difficult to adjust back to normal life
conflict between southern and northern ex soldiers

25
Q

what economic factors caused lawlessness?

A

lots of people trying to make money

competing groups

26
Q

how did values and attitude encourage lawlessness?

A

it was your own responsibility to sort your own problems out
many carried guns
if you shot a man in self defence you did not break the law

27
Q

who were the vigilantes?

A

people who took law into their own hands

28
Q

what did the vigilantes do to suspected criminals?

A

drove them out of town and lynched them

29
Q

what was the problem with the vigilantes?

A

they sometimes accused innocent people

30
Q

what were road agents?

A

gangs of criminals who waited along roads to rob people

31
Q

when was the san Francisco crime wave?

A

1851

32
Q

why did the crime wave start?

A

disappointed prospectors returned to the city and gangs too control of large areas

33
Q

when was the chinese famine?

A

1852

34
Q

what did the famine lead to?

A

20,000 migrants arriving in california which led to racism

35
Q

how did travelling by horseback increase lawlessness?

A

news of a crime took a long time to reach law officers

36
Q

what did the US government encourage white americans to do?

A

murder californian indians

37
Q

when could a territory apply to be a state?

A

when it had a population of 60,000

38
Q

when could a territory elect a sheriff?

A

when it had a population of 5000

39
Q

what was the county sheriff responsible for?

A

law enforcement and tax collection

40
Q

who ran the town/city jail?

A

the city marshal/township constable

41
Q

what were militia units?

A

local men who were armed and managed law enforcement

42
Q

what was the role of the grand jury?

A

investigate public offences and hand down indictments

History (33 decks)

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