The Indian Wars Flashcards
when was little crows war?
1861-62
who was little crow?
chief of dakota sioux
what did little crow sign and agree to do?
a treaty by the government to move onto 2 smaller reservations
what did the government promise to give in return?
$1.4 million
why did the government refuse to give the money?
they had a lot of debt to traders which they had to pay off before receiving the money
why did the tribe face food shortages?
new reservation was too small to grow enough food
the agency that was supposed to provide food sold it at very high prices
what did the tribe have to survive on?
grass
what did the government offer to do?
send money if they signed away 1/2 of their land - money never arrived
what did little crow do?
attacked the reservation agency and stole food
what did warrior brotherhoods do?
attacked 600 white settlers
what did the US army do to the warrior brotherhoods?
arrested them and executed 38
where were the tribe moved?
crow creek reservation
what happened to the tribe after moving?
many died due to terrible land quality
when was the sand creek massacre?
1864
what was discovered in 1858 in colorado territory?
gold
what did prospectors begin doing?
crossing Cheyenne and Arapaho territory
what did the tribes agree in the 1861 treaty of fort wise?
to move to reservations
what did young warrior brotherhoods do?
refused to move to reservations
what did black kettle do?
set up camp at sand creek
what was colonel chivington hired to do?
kill and destroy hostile indians
how many indians did chivington massacre?
over 130
what was agreed in 1865?
a new treaty moving the surviving indians to a better reservation and promising compensation to survivors
why did the government back out of the 1865 deal?
they won the civil war
what did the new 1867 treaty do?
moved the Cheyenne and Arapaho onto reservation 1/2 size they were promised in 1865 and no compensation was given to survivors
when was red clouds war?
1866-68
what did prospectors start doing in 1862 due to the discovery of gold in montana?
travelling across bozeman trail which was illegal due to first treaty of fort laramie
what did the bozeman trail cross?
lakota sioux territory
how may people had crossed by 1865?
2000
what would the sioux do to those who crossed?
attack them
what did the US government do about this?
called a council in 1866 to arrange a treaty to encourage safe use of the bozeman trail
what did the government promise in return?
gifts and that hunting land wouldn’t be disturbed
what did red cloud then discover?
the US army had already bought materials to build forts along the bozeman trail
what did red cloud decide to do?
attack soldiers and prospectors accompanied by crazy horse and sitting bull
what led to red cloud’s victory?
a successful ambush technique
what were the US government forced to accept?
the closure of the bozeman trail in 1868
what was a direct consequence of red clouds victory?
the second treaty of fort laramie
