Weimar and Nazi Germany: 1918-1923 Flashcards
what did clause 231 state?
germany had to accept the blame for WW1 and pay compensation the victorious nations
how many marks did germany have to pay in reparations?
136 million
how many men could germany have in their army?
100,000
what else could germany no longer have?
an air force
how many colonies did germany lose?
all 11
what does dolschstoss mean?
the belief that the german public had been stabbed in the back by weimar politicians as they didn’t believe that the german army had been defeated
why did the germans call the TOV a diktat?
it was a dictated peace without negotiation- they weren’t allowed to be part of the TOV conference
the spartacists were an extremist group of what?
communists
why were germans already rebelling before the spartacist uprising occurred?
ebert had recently sacked a berlin police chief-emil eichorn
who was in charge of the spartacists?
rosa luxemburg and karl liebknecht
when did luxemburg and liebknecht call for a strike?
6th jan 1919
why did the revolt occur?
luxemburg and liebknecht saw the current uprisings as a chance to undermine the government
why did the spartacists revolt fail?
ebert turned the freikorps against the rebels and by 13th jan, they were thrown off the streets
who were the freikorps?
ex army soldiers
what happened to luxemburg and liebknecht?
they were arrested and executed
the kapp putsch was an extremist group of what?
nationalists
why did the freikorps turn again the government?
they were due to be disbanded in march 1920 so feared unemployment
how many men marched on berlin during the kapp putsch?
5000
who was wolfgang kapp?
a nationalist politician
what did the government do when they heard of the protests?
they fled in fear
what did the government do whilst they had fled?
called a general strike
why did the kapp putsch fail?
people refused to co-operate with kapp
when was the invasion of the ruhr?
1923
why did france invade the ruhr?
germany could no longer afford to pay for the reparations they owed
