week7 Flashcards
- 2nd leading cause of death in the US
- not well understood
- neoplasia means “new growth”
- neo; new
- plasia; growth
cancer
- small but should not be present at all
- abnormal mass of tissue that exhibits an uncoordinated and excessive growth
- doesn’t respond to normal cell controls
- acts as a parasite that competes with normal cell growth
neoplasm; tumor
study of neoplasms
oncology
abnormal growth
-can be either benign or malignant
neoplasia
- all neoplasms are composed of two portions; transformed tumor cells and supporting connective tissue
- tumors have a blood supply within their connective tissue
- outgrowths of body tissue but don’t adhere to growth regulation mechanisms
- can originate from epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue or nervous tissue.
tissue origins of tumors
- not recurrent or progressive
- nonmalignant
- remain localized
- don’t recur after surgical removal
- doesn’t cause extensive tissue damage or whole body damage
- resemble surrounding tissues
- can be fatal depending on size but generally are not
- grow buy expansion
benign tumor overview
- benign tumors usually end with OMA
- suffix is attached to the tissue from which the tumor originates
naming benign tumors
slow growing benign neoplasms of epithelial origin
- typically originate from pituitary gland
- cause loss of menstruation and infertitily in females
- cause underdevelopment of testicles, decreased sex drive and impotence in men
- secrete excess growth hormone can cause gigantism in children and acromegaly in adults
- adrenal glands cause Cushing disease
adenomas
- wart like caused by HPV
- can cause abnormal tissue changes on feet, hands, vocal cords, face and genitals
- cause condylomas (warts) and dysplasia (pre cancer)
papillomas
- found on the lining of the intestinal tract, trachea, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and colon
- often require removal
- precancerous
polyps
benign tumors of epithelial tissues (3)
- adenomas
- papillomas
- polyps
benign tumors of connective tissue (7)
- osteoma
- chondroma
- lipoma
- fibroma
- angioma
- hemangioma
- lymphangioma
originate in or consist of bone tissue
- found mostly on the bones of the face and skull but can develop anywhere
- usually no symptoms and dont require treatment
osteoma
rare tumor that tends to arise at the base of the skull near the pituitary gland
- slow growing and may be asymptomatic for a long time
- usually accessible and has well defined margins so removal is common
chondroma
composed of fat cells and can occur anywhere in fat tissue
-may be associated with nerve paralysis, bone deformity, and carpal tunnel
lipoma
composed of fibrous tissue
-ossifyinhg fibromas are firm and gritty
fibroma
consists of vessels
- can be anywhere on body
- usually only treated for cosmetic reasons
angioma
benign tumor of blood vessels
hemangioma
benign tumor of lymph vessels
lymphangioma
benign tumors of muscle tissues (3)
- rhabdomyoma
- leiomyoma
- neuroma
result of excessive growth of muscle elements within the muscular walls of the heart
- most common primary cardiac tumor in fetuses, neonates, and young children
- commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis;
rhabdomyoma
a genetic disease that can cause death, seizures and mental disability
tuberous sclerosis
arises from smooth muscle
leiomyoma
tumor of nervous tissue
-can cause severe pressure on the brainstem and cerebellum and can cause death though its rare
neuroma
